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International Journal of Energetic Materials and Chemical Propulsion

Publicou 6 edições por ano

ISSN Imprimir: 2150-766X

ISSN On-line: 2150-7678

The Impact Factor measures the average number of citations received in a particular year by papers published in the journal during the two preceding years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) IF: 0.7 To calculate the five year Impact Factor, citations are counted in 2017 to the previous five years and divided by the source items published in the previous five years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) 5-Year IF: 0.7 The Immediacy Index is the average number of times an article is cited in the year it is published. The journal Immediacy Index indicates how quickly articles in a journal are cited. Immediacy Index: 0.1 The Eigenfactor score, developed by Jevin West and Carl Bergstrom at the University of Washington, is a rating of the total importance of a scientific journal. Journals are rated according to the number of incoming citations, with citations from highly ranked journals weighted to make a larger contribution to the eigenfactor than those from poorly ranked journals. Eigenfactor: 0.00016 The Journal Citation Indicator (JCI) is a single measurement of the field-normalized citation impact of journals in the Web of Science Core Collection across disciplines. The key words here are that the metric is normalized and cross-disciplinary. JCI: 0.18 SJR: 0.313 SNIP: 0.6 CiteScore™:: 1.6 H-Index: 16

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DISSOLUTION OF NITROGLYCERIN FROM SMALL ARMS PROPELLANTS AND THEIR RESIDUES

Volume 10, Edição 5, 2011, pp. 397-419
DOI: 10.1615/IntJEnergeticMaterialsChemProp.2012005235
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RESUMO

Propellant residues are scattered onto the soil surface when guns are fired. Here, we studied fired residues and unfired propellants from 9-mm pistols, 5.56-mm rifles, and 7.62-mm and 0.50-caliber machine guns. These propellants are composed of nitrocellulose and nitroglycerin (NG) and although nitrocellulose is insoluble, NG is soluble and toxic. Therefore, data are needed on how quickly NG dissolves from propellant residues in order to determine the flux of NG to soil and from there to groundwater. We measured the NG dissolution rate using batch tests and laboratory drip tests. The latter mimic field conditions on training ranges, where NG is dissolved from fired residues wetted by precipitation. To eliminate the confounding effects of soil biochemical and geochemical processes, we studied only propellant−water interactions. Because the surfaces of propellants and residues may play an important role in dissolution of the energetic constituents, we photographed these using both light and electron microscopy. Our results show that about 3% of the NG in the fired residues and 20% in the unfired grains dissolve over month time scales. Diffusion continues to transport NG to the propellant surface but at a very slow rate. Unfortunately, the distribution of NG and how it moves within the nitrocellulose matrix is poorly understood, hampering our ability to derive a physically based dissolution model that can predict NG loss from a variety of propellant types. Nevertheless, the slow dissolution rate of NG, coupled with its short half-life in most soils, suggests that it should rarely reach groundwater.

CITADO POR
  1. Arthur Jennifer D., Mark Noah W., Taylor Susan, Šimůnek Jiří, Brusseau Mark L., Dontsova Katerina M., Dissolution and transport of insensitive munitions formulations IMX-101 and IMX-104 in saturated soil columns, Science of The Total Environment, 624, 2018. Crossref

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