年間 12 号発行
ISSN 印刷: 1521-9437
ISSN オンライン: 1940-4344
Indexed in
Screening Systems for Medicinal Basidiomycetes Antitumor Extracts
要約
Prevention and treatment of oncological diseases is one of the most important fields of possible practical application of preparations on the basis of medicinal Basidiomycetes. The present experimental data demonstrate the ability of mushrooms to synthesize metabolites, revealing anticarcinogenic effects, possessing antitumor activities due to cytostatic or/and immunostimulating action, and inhibiting the process of metastasis. One of the most important current problems in our view is the development or screening systems for mushroom antitumor preparations, including their effectiveness and cost. The present investigation is the first step in this direction.
Strains of Ganoderma lucidum (W.Curt.:Fr.) Lloyd, Hericium erinaceus (Bull.:Fr.) Pers., Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Singer, Trametes versicolor (L.:Fr.) Pilát, having taxonomic proximity and affiliation with the group of xylosaprotrophes (causing white mould) due to their ability to use lignin, was studied.
The action of extracts of submerged mycelium, fruit bodies, and basidiospores from Russian and Chinese mushroom farm was investigated.
Submerged cultivation was carried out in the Gause Institute of New Antibiotics of Russian Academy of Medical Sciences. The strategy for developing methods of submerged cultivation of the species studied, which secures maximal shortage of cultivation costs owing to possibilities of strain diversity, reduction of process length 2−4 times, and increase of biomass yield was worked out. The methods of submerged culture were developed individually for each studied object and included the mice, and in 9-month-old adult mice antitumor growth was not effected by itself but authentically strengthened the CF effect. A similar effect was observed in adult (5-month-old) mice after oral introduction of G. lucidum mycelium combined extract. Thus, the dependence of the antitumor effect of the mushroom extract on the age of the laboratory animal age was determined.
Some additives were selected to strengthen the antitumor effect of G. lucidum mycelium extracts. The highest self-activity was shown by orally introduced mycelium polysaccharide fractions with various ratios of monosaccharides.
Unlike basidiom extracts, submerged mycelium extracts of Hericium erinaceus showed self-antitumor activity on a solid lymphoma model, resulting in inhibition of tumor growth. This effect was distinctly increased by the single prior introduction of a low dose (50 mg/kg)of CF.
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Vetchinkina Elena, Fomin Alexander, Navolokin Nikita, Shirokov Alexander, Proteins and polysaccharides from vegetative mycelium of medicinal basidiomycete Lentinus edodes display cytotoxicity towards human and animal cancer cell lines, International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 195, 2022. Crossref