RT Journal Article ID 5b63195218af2138 A1 Fu, Shao Chun A1 Zhang, Mei Yan A1 Shang, Xiaodong A1 Chen, Ming-Jie A1 Tan, Qi T1 An Axenic Culture System for Fruiting Body Formation by an Edible Bolete Phylogenetically related to Culinary-Medicinal Penny Bun Mushroom, Boletus edulis Bull.:Fr. Strains from China JF International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms JO IJM YR 2011 FD 2011-10-07 VO 13 IS 4 SP 387 OP 395 K1 culinary-medicinal mushrooms K1 Boletus spp. K1 ectomycorrhizal mushroom K1 primordium induction K1 fruiting body formation K1 axenic culture K1 artificial cultivation AB The ability of two freshly isolated Boletus stains to fruit under axenic conditions was tested using different solid and liquid nutrient media. One strain (YNCX04) produced numerous primordia from which fruiting bodies, 12 mm and 10 mm in length, with grey, convex pilei, and yellow-white, clavate stipes developed between 15 and 30 d after inoculation of fungal mycelium onto a solid medium consisting of mineral salts, thiamine, glucose, potato, an extract of Cunninghamia lanceolata root, and agar. The other strain (YNB200) produced numerous primordia but no sporophores. Strain YNCX04 lost the ability to form fruiting bodies in axenic culture 6 mo after initial isolation but retained the ability to form primordia for up to 18 mo. Based on internal transcribed spacer sequencing data, strains YNB200 and YNCX04 formed a sub-cluster together with four previously designated Boletus edulis strains from China. Phylogenetic analysis placed the Chinese strains closer to B. aestivalis than to European and North American strains of B. edulis, although a 29-bp fragment specific to all the B. aestivalis strains was absent from all the Chinese strains. Furthermore, partial 18S rDNA sequences from strains YNB200 and YNCX04 exhibited 98% similarity with an 18S rDNA sequence from B. edulis strain Be3. Further molecular studies are indicated to more accurately establish the taxonomic positions of F3 and F4-3, as well as the Chinese strains designated as B. edulis. PB Begell House LK https://www.dl.begellhouse.com/journals/708ae68d64b17c52,7157a84928f91612,5b63195218af2138.html