RT Journal Article ID 1a67e8331bfb5118 A1 Welz, Christian A1 Canis, Martin A1 Schwenk-Zieger, Sabina A1 Becker, Sven A1 Stucke, Vincent A1 Ihler, Friedrich A1 Baumeister, Philipp T1 Cytotoxic and Genotoxic Effects of Electronic Cigarette Liquids on Human Mucosal Tissue Cultures of the Oropharynx JF Journal of Environmental Pathology, Toxicology and Oncology JO JEP(T) YR 2016 FD 2016-11-28 VO 35 IS 4 SP 343 OP 354 K1 electronic cigarettes K1 cell toxicity K1 mutagenicity K1 pharyngeal tissue culture K1 head and neck cancer AB The popularity of electronic cigarettes (ECs) is rapidly growing and ECs are claimed to be an uncritically regarded alternative to conventional cigarettes. The mucosal tissue of the upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) is the first contact organ for xenobiotics such as liquids of ECs. The aim of this study is to investigate the bimolecular effects of e-liquids on human pharyngeal tissue cultures to evaluate whether e-liquids and their components present a risk factor for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Fresh tissue samples of healthy oropharyngeal mucosa were assembled into mucosal tissue cultures. Two fruit-flavored liquids (FLs), one tobacco-flavored liquid (TL) (all containing nicotine), and the corresponding base mixtures (free of nicotine and flavor) were used in three different dilutions. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the water-soluble tetrazolium−8 assay. DNA fragmentation was quantified using alkaline microgel electrophoresis. All liquids caused a significant reduction in cell viability. FLs especially showed a higher toxicity than TL. DNA fragmentation significantly increased by incubation with FL, whereas treatment with TL did not show serious DNA damage. E-liquids are cytotoxic to oropharyngeal tissue, and some liquids can induce relevant DNA damage. Thus, mutagenicity for mucosa of the UADT and e-liquids as risk factors for head and neck cancer cannot entirely be ruled out. Only the implementation of standards and regulations for liquid production and distribution can ensure a valid scientific investigation and assessment of carcinogenic potential of long-term EC use. PB Begell House LK https://www.dl.begellhouse.com/journals/0ff459a57a4c08d0,330e808854c98f7b,1a67e8331bfb5118.html