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International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms

Published 12 issues per year

ISSN Print: 1521-9437

ISSN Online: 1940-4344

The Impact Factor measures the average number of citations received in a particular year by papers published in the journal during the two preceding years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) IF: 1.2 To calculate the five year Impact Factor, citations are counted in 2017 to the previous five years and divided by the source items published in the previous five years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) 5-Year IF: 1.4 The Immediacy Index is the average number of times an article is cited in the year it is published. The journal Immediacy Index indicates how quickly articles in a journal are cited. Immediacy Index: 0.3 The Eigenfactor score, developed by Jevin West and Carl Bergstrom at the University of Washington, is a rating of the total importance of a scientific journal. Journals are rated according to the number of incoming citations, with citations from highly ranked journals weighted to make a larger contribution to the eigenfactor than those from poorly ranked journals. Eigenfactor: 0.00066 The Journal Citation Indicator (JCI) is a single measurement of the field-normalized citation impact of journals in the Web of Science Core Collection across disciplines. The key words here are that the metric is normalized and cross-disciplinary. JCI: 0.34 SJR: 0.274 SNIP: 0.41 CiteScore™:: 2.8 H-Index: 37

Indexed in

Cooperative Effect of the Lipopolysaccharide and Culinary-Medicinal Cauliflower Mushroom Sparassis crispa (Wulf.) Fr. (Aphyllophoromycetideae)-Derived β-Glucan on Inflammatory Cytokine Secretion by the Murine Macrophage Cell Line

Volume 11, Issue 1, 2009, pp. 9-20
DOI: 10.1615/IntJMedMushr.v11.i1.20
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ABSTRACT

β-Glucans act as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which can bind to the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) on a macrophage or dendritic cell. Many kinds of mushroom β-glucans act as PAMPs and can bind to dectin-1 as one of the PRRs. High-molecular-weight β-glucans or intestinal normal microbiota can be transported through lumen epithelial cells, resulting in the stimulation of a macrophage in Peyer's patch. To study the involvement of TLR4 in the stimulation of dectin-1, the RAW264.7 macrophage cell line was stimulated using the β-glucan of Sparassis crispa (BGS) as well as the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a TLR4 ligand. The induction of IL-6 and the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNAs was increased in a BGS and TNF-α concentration-dependent pattern. The increases of the TNF-α and IL-6 secretions after their treatment with 10 μg/mL BGS were found to be 204- and 420-fold, which are much higher, compared to those of the control. Moreover, the secretions of such cytokines were further increased by the presence of LPS, indicating the involvement of TLR4 in the signaling by dectin-1 with BGS. The secretion of nitric oxide (NO) was increased by BGS. These results show that BGS stimulated innate immunity by activating the macrophages through the induction of the dectin-1 receptor and the inflammatory cytokines. The secretion of inflammatory cytokines was influenced by TLR4 stimulation.

CITED BY
  1. Bae In Young, Kim Kyoung Jin, Lee Suyong, Lee Hyeon Gyu, Response surface optimization of β-glucan extraction from cauliflower mushrooms (Sparassis crispa), Food Science and Biotechnology, 21, 4, 2012. Crossref

  2. Seong Su Kyoung, Kim Ha Won, Potentiation of Innate Immunity by β-Glucans, Mycobiology, 38, 2, 2010. Crossref

  3. Batbayar Sainkhuu, Lee Dong-Hee, Kim Ha-Won, Immunomodulation of Fungal β-Glucan in Host Defense Signaling by Dectin-1, Biomolecules and Therapeutics, 20, 5, 2012. Crossref

  4. Savelkoul H.F.J., Chanput W., Wichers H.J., Immunomodulatory effects of mushroom β-glucans, in Diet, Immunity and Inflammation, 2013. Crossref

  5. Bae In Young, Kim Hye Won, Yoo Hyun Jae, Kim Eun Suh, Lee Suyong, Park Dong Yun, Lee Hyeon Gyu, Correlation of branching structure of mushroom β-glucan with its physiological activities, Food Research International, 51, 1, 2013. Crossref

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