Published 12 issues per year
ISSN Print: 1521-9437
ISSN Online: 1940-4344
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Hypocholesterolemic Effects of the Cauliflower Culinary-Medicinal Mushroom, Sparassis crispa (Higher Basidiomycetes), in Diet-Induced Hypercholesterolemic Rats
ABSTRACT
The cauliflower culinary-medicinal mushroom, Sparassis crispa, possesses various biological activities that have been widely reported to have therapeutic applications. We examined the effects of S. crispa on serum cholesterol, hepatic enzymes related to cholesterol metabolism, and fecal sterol excretion in rats fed a cholesterol-rich diet for 4 weeks. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (8 weeks old) were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 6 mice per group): normal diet (normal control [NC]), cholesterol-rich diet (cholesterol control [CC]), cholesterol-rich diet plus S. crispa fruiting body (SC), cholesterol-rich diet plus S. crispa extract (SCE), and cholesterol-rich diet plus S. crispa residue (SCR). SCE supplementation significantly enhanced hepatic cholesterol catabolism through the upregulation of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) messenger RNA (mRNA) expression (2.55-fold compared with that in the NC group; P < 0.05) and the downregulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase mRNA expression (0.57-fold compared with that in the NC group; P < 0.05). Additionally, the SCE diet resulted in the highest fecal excretion of cholesterol and bile acid in hypercholesterolemic rats. In conclusion, mRNA expression of CYP7A1 and HMG-CoA reductase were significantly modulated by the absorption of SCE samples. Also, SCE samples had a significant effect on fecal bile acid and cholesterol excretion. These results suggest that SCE samples can induce hypocholesterolic effects through cholesterol metabolism and the reduction of circulating cholesterol levels.
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Jeong Seong-Yeop, Kang Suna, Hua Cao Shi, Ting Zhang, Park Sunmin, Synbiotic effects of β-glucans from cauliflower mushroom and Lactobacillus fermentum on metabolic changes and gut microbiome in estrogen-deficient rats, Genes & Nutrition, 12, 1, 2017. Crossref
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Gil-Ramírez Alicia, Morales Diego, Soler-Rivas Cristina, Molecular actions of hypocholesterolaemic compounds from edible mushrooms, Food & Function, 9, 1, 2018. Crossref
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Kiyama Ryoiti, Furutani Yoshiyuki, Kawaguchi Kayoko, Nakanishi Toshio, Genome sequence of the cauliflower mushroom Sparassis crispa (Hanabiratake) and its association with beneficial usage, Scientific Reports, 8, 1, 2018. Crossref
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Zhang Wenyi, Guo Yahui, Cheng Yuliang, Zhao Wenjin, Zheng Yuenan, Qian He, Ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic extraction of Sparassis crispa polysaccharides possessing protective ability against H2O2-induced oxidative damage in mouse hippocampal HT22 cells, RSC Advances, 10, 37, 2020. Crossref
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Zhang Zuofa, Cai Weiming, Song Tingting, Fan Leifa, Lv Guoying, Targeted identification of antioxidant compounds from Sparassis latifolia extracts and their antioxidant activities , Journal of Food Processing and Preservation, 45, 12, 2021. Crossref
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Zhang zuofa, Song Tingting, Cai Weiming, Wang Fugen, Lv Guoying, Effects of different depolymerisation methods on the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of polysaccharides derived from Sparassis latifolia, Process Biochemistry, 110, 2021. Crossref
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Han Jang Mi, Lee Eun Kyeong, Gong So Youn, Sohng Jae Kyung, Kang Yue Jai, Jung Hye Jin, Sparassis crispa exerts anti-inflammatory activity via suppression of TLR-mediated NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage cells, Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 231, 2019. Crossref
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Qiao Zening, Zhao Yue, Wang Menghao, Cao Jinling, Chang Mingchang, Yun Shaojun, Cheng Yanfen, Cheng Feier, Feng Cuiping, Effects of Sparassis latifolia neutral polysaccharide on immune activity via TLR4-mediated MyD88-dependent and independent signaling pathways in RAW264.7 macrophages, Frontiers in Nutrition, 9, 2022. Crossref