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International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms

Published 12 issues per year

ISSN Print: 1521-9437

ISSN Online: 1940-4344

The Impact Factor measures the average number of citations received in a particular year by papers published in the journal during the two preceding years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) IF: 1.2 To calculate the five year Impact Factor, citations are counted in 2017 to the previous five years and divided by the source items published in the previous five years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) 5-Year IF: 1.4 The Immediacy Index is the average number of times an article is cited in the year it is published. The journal Immediacy Index indicates how quickly articles in a journal are cited. Immediacy Index: 0.3 The Eigenfactor score, developed by Jevin West and Carl Bergstrom at the University of Washington, is a rating of the total importance of a scientific journal. Journals are rated according to the number of incoming citations, with citations from highly ranked journals weighted to make a larger contribution to the eigenfactor than those from poorly ranked journals. Eigenfactor: 0.00066 The Journal Citation Indicator (JCI) is a single measurement of the field-normalized citation impact of journals in the Web of Science Core Collection across disciplines. The key words here are that the metric is normalized and cross-disciplinary. JCI: 0.34 SJR: 0.274 SNIP: 0.41 CiteScore™:: 2.8 H-Index: 37

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Antimicrobial Azaphilones from the Xylariaceous Inedible Mushrooms

Volume 7, Issue 3, 2005, pp. 452-455
DOI: 10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.v7.i3.880
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ABSTRACT

In the course of our investigation of biologically active substances from inedible mushrooms, we studied the chemical constituents of six species belonging to the Xylariaceae family (Sardariomycetideae) and isolated various types of azaphilone derivatives, which showed moderate to strong antimicrobial activity, such as entonaemins A−C (1−3), together with (+)-mitorubrinol acetate (4), (+)-mitorubrin (5), (+)-mitorubrinol (6), and mitorubrinic acid (7) from Entonaema splendens (Hashimoto T. and Asakawa, 1998), daldinin C (8), daldinin E, F (9, 10) from Hypoxylon fuscum (Quang et al., 2004a), cohaerins A,B (11, 12) from H. cohaerens, rubiginosin A−C (13−15) from H. rubiginosum (Quang et al., 2004b), multiformins A−D (16−19) from H. multiforme, and sassafrins A−D (20−23) from Creospharea sassafras. Their absolute structures were elucidated by 2D NMR, MS, IR, UV, CD spectra and chemical reaction (see figures on following page).
The in vitro antimicrobial activities of isolated azaphilones (1−23) at a dose of 50 μg per paper disc were tested against a panel of laboratory control strains belonging to the American Type Culture Collection, Maryland, USA: Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enteritidis, Escherichia coli 95, and fungal organisms Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. The disc diffusion method, according to the NC-CLS (National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards—Performance standards for antimicrobial disk susceptibility testing; 6th International Supplement, Wayne Pa. 1997: M2-A6), was employed for the determination of the antimicrobial activity of the compounds. Table 1 (see next page) summarizes the antimicrobial properties of these azaphilones.
Accordingly, moderate to strong activity was observed against all tested strains. These effects, however, appear to be nonselective, because neither fungi nor bacteria remained unaffected by any of the azaphilone. They confirm previously reported bioactivities for other azaphilones and point toward the role of azaphilones as defense metabolites that may protect the stromata of Xylariaceae against feeding enemies or colonizing microbes.

CITED BY
  1. Simonetti Sebastián O., Larghi Enrique L., Bracca Andrea B. J., Kaufman Teodoro S., Angular tricyclic benzofurans and related natural products of fungal origin. Isolation, biological activity and synthesis, Natural Product Reports, 30, 7, 2013. Crossref

  2. Stadler Marc, Quang Dang Ngoc, Tomita Ayumi, Hashimoto Toshihiro, Asakawa Yoshinori, Changes in secondary metabolism during stromatal ontogeny of Hypoxylon fragiforme, Mycological Research, 110, 7, 2006. Crossref

  3. Kim Ji-Yul, Woo E-Eum, Ha Lee Su, Ki Dae-Won, Lee In-Kyoung, Yun Bong-Sik, Neuraminidase Inhibitors from the Fruiting Body of Glaziella splendens, Mycobiology, 47, 2, 2019. Crossref

  4. Stadler Marc, Fournier Jacques, Quang Dang N., Akulov Alexander Y., Metabolomic Studies on the Chemical Ecology of the Xylariaceae (Ascomycota), Natural Product Communications, 2, 3, 2007. Crossref

  5. Lambert Christopher, Pourmoghaddam Mohammad Javad, Cedeño-Sanchez Marjorie, Surup Frank, Khodaparast Seyed Akbar, Krisai-Greilhuber Irmgard, Voglmayr Hermann, Stradal Theresia E. B., Stadler Marc, Resolution of the Hypoxylon fuscum Complex (Hypoxylaceae, Xylariales) and Discovery and Biological Characterization of Two of Its Prominent Secondary Metabolites, Journal of Fungi, 7, 2, 2021. Crossref

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