Library Subscription: Guest
Critical Reviews™ in Eukaryotic Gene Expression

Published 6 issues per year

ISSN Print: 1045-4403

ISSN Online: 2162-6502

The Impact Factor measures the average number of citations received in a particular year by papers published in the journal during the two preceding years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) IF: 1.6 To calculate the five year Impact Factor, citations are counted in 2017 to the previous five years and divided by the source items published in the previous five years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) 5-Year IF: 2.2 The Immediacy Index is the average number of times an article is cited in the year it is published. The journal Immediacy Index indicates how quickly articles in a journal are cited. Immediacy Index: 0.3 The Eigenfactor score, developed by Jevin West and Carl Bergstrom at the University of Washington, is a rating of the total importance of a scientific journal. Journals are rated according to the number of incoming citations, with citations from highly ranked journals weighted to make a larger contribution to the eigenfactor than those from poorly ranked journals. Eigenfactor: 0.00058 The Journal Citation Indicator (JCI) is a single measurement of the field-normalized citation impact of journals in the Web of Science Core Collection across disciplines. The key words here are that the metric is normalized and cross-disciplinary. JCI: 0.33 SJR: 0.345 SNIP: 0.46 CiteScore™:: 2.5 H-Index: 67

Indexed in

Regulation and Regulatory Role of γ-Carboxyglutamic Acid Containing Clotting Factors

Volume 6, Issue 1, 1996, pp. 87-101
DOI: 10.1615/CritRevEukarGeneExpr.v6.i1.60
Get accessGet access

ABSTRACT

Blood coagulation is initiated following damage of the vessel wall. The large number of proteins that participate in the reactions that regulate blood coagulation must behave in a concerted manner to generate α-thrombin. This most abundant enzyme product of the coagulation process acts on the soluble blood protein fibrinogen to create the insoluble fibrin clot, trigger platelet activation, and initiate a variety of vascular processes ranging from coagulation inhibition and activation of fibrinolysis to cell growth. The majority of enzymes that participate in the blood-clotting process circulate in blood as inactive zymogens and procofactors. Following mechanical injury to the vessel wall, a cell-associated protein, tissue factor, is exposed and initiates a series of enzymatic reactions localized on a membrane surface generally provided by cells and accumulating platelets. The binding of the enzymes and zymogen substrates to the exposed membrane surface and their activation are in part governed by the γ-carboxyglutamic acid residues (gla) of each protein. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the gla residues are necessary for Ca2+ binding and subsequent exposure of the hydrophobic membrane binding regions to the cell bilayer. Thus, the gla residues play a preeminent role during the blood-clotting process. Absence of γ-carboxylation of one or more of the critical glutamic acid residues results in an impaired coagulation/anticoagulation process which may lead to a bleeding diathesis or thrombosis.

CITED BY
  1. ATAULLAKHANOV F. I., ZARNITSINA V. I., POKHILKO A. V., LOBANOV A. I., MOROZOVA O. L., SPATIO-TEMPORAL DYNAMICS OF BLOOD COAGULATION AND PATTERN FORMATION: A THEORETICAL APPROACH, International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos, 12, 09, 2002. Crossref

  2. Guarna M.M., Côté H.C.F., Kwan E.M., Rintoul G.L., Meyhack B., Heim J., MacGillivray R.T.A., Warren R.A.J., Kilburn D.G., Factor X Fusion Proteins: Improved Production and Use in the Release in Vitro of Biologically Active Hirudin from an Inactive α-Factor–Hirudin Fusion Protein, Protein Expression and Purification, 20, 2, 2000. Crossref

  3. Vo Hung C, Britz-Mckibbin Philip, Chen David D.Y, MacGillivray Ross T.A, Undercarboxylation of recombinant prothrombin revealed by analysis of γ-carboxyglutamic acid using capillary electrophoresis and laser-induced fluorescence, FEBS Letters, 445, 2-3, 1999. Crossref

  4. Deguchi Hiroshi, Elias Darlene J., Griffin John H., Minor plasma lipids modulate clotting factor activities and may affect thrombosis risk, Research and Practice in Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 1, 1, 2017. Crossref

  5. Lemke Greg, Phosphatidylserine Is the Signal for TAM Receptors and Their Ligands, Trends in Biochemical Sciences, 42, 9, 2017. Crossref

  6. Other CTMs and PTMs of Proteins, in Co and Post-Translational Modifications of Therapeutic Antibodies and Proteins, 2019. Crossref

  7. Benzakour Omar, Kanthou Chryso, The anticoagulant factor, protein S, is produced by cultured human vascular smooth muscle cells and its expression is up-regulated by thrombin, Blood, 95, 6, 2000. Crossref

  8. Narayanan AS, Thiagarajan P, Thrombin, in eLS, 2001. Crossref

  9. Thiagarajan P, Narayanan A S, Thrombin, in eLS, 2009. Crossref

  10. Wyatt Linden C., Moshnikova Anna, Crawford Troy, Engelman Donald M., Andreev Oleg A., Reshetnyak Yana K., Peptides of pHLIP family for targeted intracellular and extracellular delivery of cargo molecules to tumors, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115, 12, 2018. Crossref

Begell Digital Portal Begell Digital Library eBooks Journals References & Proceedings Research Collections Prices and Subscription Policies Begell House Contact Us Language English 中文 Русский Português German French Spain