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Atomization and Sprays

Published 12 issues per year

ISSN Print: 1044-5110

ISSN Online: 1936-2684

The Impact Factor measures the average number of citations received in a particular year by papers published in the journal during the two preceding years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) IF: 1.2 To calculate the five year Impact Factor, citations are counted in 2017 to the previous five years and divided by the source items published in the previous five years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) 5-Year IF: 1.8 The Immediacy Index is the average number of times an article is cited in the year it is published. The journal Immediacy Index indicates how quickly articles in a journal are cited. Immediacy Index: 0.3 The Eigenfactor score, developed by Jevin West and Carl Bergstrom at the University of Washington, is a rating of the total importance of a scientific journal. Journals are rated according to the number of incoming citations, with citations from highly ranked journals weighted to make a larger contribution to the eigenfactor than those from poorly ranked journals. Eigenfactor: 0.00095 The Journal Citation Indicator (JCI) is a single measurement of the field-normalized citation impact of journals in the Web of Science Core Collection across disciplines. The key words here are that the metric is normalized and cross-disciplinary. JCI: 0.28 SJR: 0.341 SNIP: 0.536 CiteScore™:: 1.9 H-Index: 57

Indexed in

TRANSIENT 3D ANALYSIS OF A Dl GASOLINE INJECTOR SPRAY

Volume 9, Issue 5, 1999, pp. 467-482
DOI: 10.1615/AtomizSpr.v9.i5.20
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ABSTRACT

A cycle-resolved, phase Doppler anemometry (PDA) methodology is appraised for the collection and analysis of data from a gasoline fuel injector. A high-pressure swirl injector is utilized, spraying unleaded gasoline into air at ambient pressure and temperature. Results are presented in terms of Sauter mean diameter (SMD) of droplets, three components of velocity, and semiquantitative mass flow rate for the entire flow field.
Spray development is analyzed using time increments of between 0.25 ms and 1 ms over the first 12 ms after injection. High-speed photography confirms the validity of some of the global trends identified, including head vortex development, spray penetration, and needle bounce.
PDA measurements indicate that larger droplets are produced in the early stages of the injection. These populate the head and periphery of the spray cone, which becomes essentially hollow for a period between 0.75 and 2 ms. Smaller droplets in the center of the cone attain velocities in excess of 50 m/s, while those on the edge are entrained by the recirculating head vortex.
During the early injection period, the majority of the liquid mass resides within the "head" and an annular section of the spray, which indicates the hollow cone design. After 3 ms, the spray becomes more homogenous, with little mass flow rate variation across the cone identifiable after 4.5 ms.
The data are finally compared with a standard time-averaged correlation usually utilized for this type of injector. This emphasizes the need for continued effort on transient predictive spray modeling in future direct-injection (DI) gasoline investigations.

CITED BY
  1. Shrimpton J. S., Pulsed charged sprays: application to DISI engines during early injection, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 58, 3, 2003. Crossref

  2. Schmidt Lars, King Jason, Stokes John, Mullineux James, R.Ramasamy Calvin, Amiruddin Ahmad Nazri, Evans Ifan, Kay Peter, Heikal Morgan, Begg Steven, Validation of a CFD Model of a Hollow-Cone Spray with Gasoline Fuel Blends, SAE Technical Paper Series, 1, 2011. Crossref

  3. Araneo L., Coghe A., Brunello G., Dondé R., Effects of Fuel Temperature and Ambient Pressure on a GDI Swirled Injector Spray, SAE Technical Paper Series, 1, 2000. Crossref

  4. Sazhin S.S., Krutitskii P.A., Abdelghaffar W.A., Sazhina E.M., Mikhalovsky S.V., Meikle S.T., Heikal M.R., Transient heating of diesel fuel droplets, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 47, 14-16, 2004. Crossref

  5. Dombrovsky Leonid, Sazhin Sergei, Absorption of thermal radiation in a semi-transparent spherical droplet: a simplified model, International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 24, 6, 2003. Crossref

  6. Davy Martin H., Williams Paul A., Anderson Richard W., Effects of Fuel Injection Pressure in an Optically-Accessed DISI Engine with Side-Mounted Fuel Injector, SAE Technical Paper Series, 1, 2001. Crossref

  7. Kay Peter J., Bowen Philip J., Gold Martin R., Sapsford Steve M., Transient fuel spray impingement at atmospheric and elevated ambient conditions, Experiments in Fluids, 53, 4, 2012. Crossref

  8. Dombrovsky L.A, Sazhin S.S, Sazhina E.M, Feng G, Heikal M.R, Bardsley M.E.A, Mikhalovsky S.V, Heating and evaporation of semi-transparent diesel fuel droplets in the presence of thermal radiation, Fuel, 80, 11, 2001. Crossref

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