Published 4 issues per year
ISSN Print: 0731-8898
ISSN Online: 2162-6537
Indexed in
Long-Term Effects of Chromatin Remodeling and DNA Damage in Stem Cells Induced by Environmental and Dietary Agents
ABSTRACT
The presence of histones acts as a barrier to protein access; thus chromatin remodeling must occur for essential processes such as transcription and replication. In conjunction with histone modifications, DNA methylation plays critical roles in gene silencing through chromatin remodeling. Chromatin remodeling is also interconnected with the DNA damage response, maintenance of stem cell properties, and cell differentiation programs. Chromatin modifications have increasingly been shown to produce long-lasting alterations in chromatin structure and transcription. Recent studies have shown environmental exposures in utero have the potential to alter normal developmental signaling networks, physiologic responses, and disease susceptibility later in life during a process known as developmental reprogramming. In this review we discuss the long-term impact of exposure to environmental compounds, the chromatin modifications that they induce, and the differentiation and developmental programs of multiple stem and progenitor cell types altered by exposure. The main focus is to highlight agents present in the human lifestyle that have the potential to promote epigenetic changes that impact developmental programs of specific cell types, may promote tumorigenesis through altering epigenetic marks, and may be transgenerational, for example, those able to be transmitted through multiple cell divisions.
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Goodenow Donna, Emmanuel Faith, Berman Chase, Sahyouni Mark, Richardson Christine, Bioflavonoids cause DNA double-strand breaks and chromosomal translocations through topoisomerase II-dependent and -independent mechanisms, Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 849, 2020. Crossref
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Goodenow Donna, Lalwani Kiran, Richardson Christine, DNA Damage and Repair Mechanisms Triggered by Exposure to Bioflavonoids and Natural Compounds, in DNA - Damages and Repair Mechanisms, 2021. Crossref
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Lalwani Kiran, French Caroline, Richardson Christine, Mouse Models to Understand Mutagenic Outcomes and Illegitimate Repair of DNA Damage, in Mutagenesis and Mitochondrial-Associated Pathologies, 2022. Crossref