Begell House Inc.
International Journal of Physiology and Pathophysiology
IJPP
2155-014X
9
1
2018
Psychophysiological Functions of Elite Athletes in Different Age Groups
1-8
10.1615/IntJPhysPathophys.v9.i1.10
Lesia G.
Korobeynikova
National University of Physical Education and Sport of Ukraine, Kyiv,
Ukraine
Mykola Yu.
Makarchuk
Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Georgiy V.
Korobeynikov
National University of Physical Education and Sport of Ukraine, Kyiv,
Ukraine
Viktor S.
Mischenko
National University of Physical Education and Sport of Ukraine, Kyiv,
Ukraine
Olena V.
Zapovitriana
National University of Physical Education and Sport of Ukraine, Kyiv,
Ukraine
psychophysiological state
visual perception
information processing
age-related peculiarities
Effects of age-related peculiarities of elite athletes on their psycho-physiological state were studied at the stage of maintaining high results. Three groups of athletes of different age were examined. The first group consisted of athletes aged 18–20, the second group included athletes aged 21–25, and the third group–athletes aged 26–34. All of them were the members of Ukraine national team in Greco-Roman wrestling. It has been revealed that elite athletes of older age group differ from the younger ones by the presence of greater fatigue with simultaneous autonomy decline when forming strategies of sports activities and the perfect
mechanism of autonomic reactions. Age-related deterioration in perception of visual information in elite athletes of older age group manifests itself in a significant
lowering of productivity, efficiency, and speed compared with the groups of younger athletes. In addition, in elite athletes of older age group, a significantly higher level of tension of the autonomic regulation of the heart rate and more optimal activation of the sympathetic nervous system (as a division of the autonomic nervous system) were detected, compared with those in younger athletes.
Doxorubicin-Induced Disturbances of Cardiomyocyte Contractile Activity
9-16
10.1615/IntJPhysPathophys.v9.i1.20
Oksana
Linnik
Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Tetyana I.
Drevitska
Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
K.
Tarasova
Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Science of
Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Georgiy
Portnichenko
Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Viktor E.
Dosenko
Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Irina N.
Mankovskaya
Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
oxidative stress
cardiomyocytes
mitochondrial potential
doxorubicin
curcumin
The disturbances of contractile activity of rat neonatal cardiomyocytes under the influence of anthracycline antibiotics, in particular, doxorubicin, and the possibility of antioxidant correction of these disorders with curcumin were investigated. Also, the role of changes in the level of mitochondrial membrane potential in the contractile activity of cardiomyocytes was shown. It has been revealed
that doxorubicin causes significant changes in all contraction parameters compared with control, namely: an increase in the frequency of spontaneous contractions,
rhythm disturbance, a decrease in the amplitude and percentage of cell shortening, and an increase in the maximum rate of contraction and relaxation. Co-incubation
with doxorubicin and curcumin caused a significant decrease in the frequency of spontaneous contractions (3 times), the restoration of their rhythm, an increase in amplitude (2-fold), the percentage of the cell shortening relative to the previous value, in the maximum contraction rate (1.8 times) and the rate of relaxation (by 16%), without significant changes in the duration of these processes compared with monoincubation with doxorubicin. In the study of mitochondrial membrane potential of neonatal cardiomyocytes by fluorescence method, a significant decrease in the intensity of doxorubicin-induced mitochondrial staining (1.7 times compared to control) was detected. Co-incubation of cells with curcumin and doxorubicin resulted in a significant rise in the fluorescence intensity of mitochondria (2.2 fold compared with doxorubicin alone).
Effect of Germanium Citrate on Immunophysiological Activity of the Rats' Organism
17-26
10.1615/IntJPhysPathophys.v9.i1.30
Rostyslav S.
Fedoruk
Institute of animal biology, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine
Maryana I.
Khrabko
Institute of animal biology, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine
Olga P.
Dolaychuk
Institute of animal biology, National Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine
immunophysiology
rats
Germanium citrate
blood
glycoproteins
immunoglobulins
hematological indices
nanomaterials
The effects of various doses of gemanium citrate on immunophysiological mechanisms of homeostatic reactions in rats of different age and physiological conditions were studied. It has been revealed that daily exposure of female
rats and their offspring to germanium citrate, obtained by nanotechnology (groups II–IV) and chemical synthesis (groups V–VI), in doses of 10, 20, 200, and 2000 μ;g/kg results in immunophysiological changes in the organism of animals in all research groups. In the blood of female rats after 4 months of treating with germanium, and in the blood of their offspring (V and VI groups) on the 60–65th day of
life, the content of immunoglobulins increases 1.73–2.45 times (females) and 1.05–1.1 times (males); the content of circulating immune complexes increased 1.12–3.10 and 1.27–2.02 times; the content of sialic acids increased 1.01–1.54 and 1.39–1.58 times; and the content of protein-bound hexoses increased 1.12–1.17 and 1.20–1.33 times, respectively. In all rats, the content of medium-weight molecules is reduced by 6–17%, the platelet count decreased in females and males by 22–39%
and 6–23%, respectively, as well as phagocytic activity decreased by 5.3–10.2% and 4.4–5.7%, respectively, indicating the same direction of immunobiological action
of citrate germanium in adults and young rats of different sexes. The concentration of ceruloplasmin and the number of leukocytes decreased in females of groups III–VI and grew in males of groups II–VI. Based on the analysis of the immune
system indicators and the content of glycoproteins in the blood, we have assessed the immunophysiological features of the effects of low and high doses of germanium citrate depending on the duration of its intake and systemic communication of mother and fetus. The obtained results testify to gender and agedependent features of hepato-immunological communication of these animals under
prolonged treating with germanium citrate. Biological effect of the latter is more pronounced in rats receiving it in doses of 20 and 200 μ;g/kg.
Modulation of Puberty Terms and Sexual Behavior of Rats after Prenatal Exposure to Methyldopa, Phenibut, and Stress
27-35
10.1615/IntJPhysPathophys.v9.i1.40
Alexander G.
Reznikov
V.P.Komissarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Anna A.
Limareva
Komissarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
prenatal programming
prenatal stress
puberty
sexual behavior
phenibut
methyldopa
rats
Prenatal effects of methyldopa, an inhibitor of noradrenaline synthesis (400 mg/kg/day), GABA agonist phenibut (100 mg/kg/day), or immobilization stress against the background of phenibut action on the timing of puberty and sexual behavior of male and female rats were investigated. The drugs were administered orally to pregnant animals during the last week of pregnancy (from the 15th to the 21st day). In experiments with prenatal stress, pregnant animals were immobilized daily for one hour during the same period of pregnancy. Some of them received phenibut 30 minutes prior to stressing. Application of phenibut to nonstressed pregnant animals led to accelerated maturation, and the use of methyldopa or phenibut resulted in disorders of sexual behavior of male and female offspring.
However, phenibut weakened demasculinizing and feminizing effects of prenatal stress on male sexual behavior, as evidenced by the normalization of the latent periods
of mountings and intromissions, their number, and a decrease in the number of lordosis reactions. Phenibut partially restored timing of puberty in those animals.
The results obtained indicate the involvement of noradrenergic and GABA-ergic mechanisms in the prenatal programming of sexual behavior of animals, as well as
the possibility of preventing its disorders in adult prenatally stressed rats by the activation of GABA-ergic receptors. Based on the results of these and previous studies, the concept of dualistic effects of hormonal and pharmacological neurotropic agents that are used during pregnancy has been proposed, according to which these agents may have either harmful or protective effect on the reproductive health and the ability of the offspring to respond to stressor factors.
Activation of TRPV1 by Nitric Oxide Donors Requires Co-Application of Sulfhydryl-Containing Reagent
37-46
10.1615/IntJPhysPathophys.v9.i1.50
Bizhan R.
Sharopov
Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of
Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Yaroslav M.
Shuba
Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
TRPV1
nitric oxide
NO-donors
L-cysteine
patch-clamp
Previous studies suggested that polymodal capsaicin-sensitive TRPV1 ion channel could be also a receptor for nitric oxide (NO). However, the evidence for this notion is based on rather indirect experiments, which questions its
physiological relevance. The present paper provides an improved method for applying NO donors, such as sodium nitroprusside (SNP), in electrophysiological experiment,
and simultaneous delivery of sulfhydryl-containing reagents, including L-cysteine (L-Cys) that facilitates the release of NO from a donor substance and allows inducing macroscopic TRPV1-mediated current. We have found that external
application of 100 μ;M SNP per se onto capsaicin-sensitive neurons of the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) is incapable of activating TRPV1 ion channel. In contrast, the
application of SNP simultaneously with 100 μ;M L-Cys induces transmembrane current with features characteristic of TRPV1-mediated one, i.e., inward at command membrane potential (Vcomm) +50 mV, outward at Vcomm-100 mV, and susceptible
to blockade with capsazepine, a selective TRPV1 antagonist. At the same time, the application of L-Cys itself evokes no response in conditions tested. To summarize, our work confirms the assumption about the sensitivity of TRPV1 to
NO and provides a simple method for further examining of their interaction.
Dependence of the Endocrine Function of Ischemic Ovarian Tissue Transplant on the Lipid Peroxidation Intensity
47-57
10.1615/IntJPhysPathophys.v9.i1.60
Victoria V.
Kiroshka
Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Yuliya O.
Bozhkova
Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Iryna A.
Trutaieva
Institute for Problems of Cryobiology and Cryomedicine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
Ahmed A.
Gawas
Karazin Kharkiv National University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
ovarian tissue
ischemic damage
endocrine function
the volume of oocytes
Correlation between endocrine function, morphology, and volume changes in the structure of ovarian tissue, as well as lipid peroxidation intensity at different temperature and time parameters in ischemia modeling were investigated.
It has been revealed that the morphological transformations after 2 hours of ischemia at 37°C and 24 hours at 4°C are reversible. In this case, a significant increase
in the concentration of sex hormones in animals-recipients is observed relative to castrated ones after heterotopic transplantation. An increase in the duration of
ischemia up to 4 hours at 37°C and to 48 hours at 4°C leads to irreversible morphological transformation and failure of endocrine function, except for the tissue incubation (4°C, 48 hours) in a mannitol-containing solution (MCS), where the accumulation level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) is 2.5–3 times lower. This data correlates with a significant growth of estradiol and progesterone concentrations in recipient animals. Thus, the combined protective effect of hypothermia and mannitol in ischemia has been demonstrated.
Activation of Endogenous Hydrogen Sulfide Synthesis Inhibits Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore Opening and Restores Constitutive NO-Synthase Coupling in Old Rat Heart
59-67
10.1615/IntJPhysPathophys.v9.i1.70
Lidiya A.
Mys
Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Nataliya A.
Strutynska
Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
V. R.
Strutynskyi
Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of
Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Vadim F.
Sagach
Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
hydrogen sulfide
cNOS coupling
oxidative and nitrosative stress
aging
mitochondria
heart
rats
We studied effects of pyridoxal-5-phosphate (P5P), as a cofactor for H2S synthesizing enzyme, on the sensitivity of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening to Ca,2+ its natural inducer, in old rat heart, as well as H2S content, oxidative and nitrosative stress indicators in the heart mitochondria. It has been shown that in old rats oxidative and nitrosative stress develop, which is accompanied by a decrease in the constitutive Ca2+ -dependent NO-synthase (cNOS) coupling index. P5P application inhibits Ca2+ -induced MPTP opening by reducing the sensitivity to the inductor in old rat heart. Applying a modulator of H2S synthesis results in an increase in hydrogen sulfide content 4.2 times and promotes a decrease in O2- generation speed 3.5 times in comparison with these indicators in old animals. An important consequence of stimulating hydrogen sulfide endogenous synthesis in aging is the increase in cNOS activity 1.9 times and a decrease in the activity of Ca2+ -independent inducible NO-synthase (iNOS) 4.3 times in the heart mitochondria. Under these conditions, cNOS coupling index in organelles increases 8.7 times, relative to the values in old animals. Thus, H2S acts as a regulator of MPTP opening and NO content, by increasing cNOS activity and restituting the enzyme coupled state, which indicates the role of this gaseous transmitter in cardiovascular pathology.
Incidence of Allelic Polymorphisms of Genes Encoding Subunits ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels (Ile337→Val and Glu23→Lys KCNJ11 Gene, and Ser1369→Ala ABCC8 Gene) in the Ukrainian Population
69-76
10.1615/IntJPhysPathophys.v9.i1.80
Ruslan B.
Strutynskyi
Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv
Roman A.
Rovenets
Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv
Oleg V.
Svarychevskyi
Bogomolets Institute of Physiology National Academy of Science of Ukraine,
Kyiv, Ukraine
Viktor E.
Dosenko
Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
allelic polymorphisms
KCNJ11
ABCC8
Ile337→Val
Glu23→Lys
Ser1369→Ala
KATP-channels
Using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) 529
Ukrainian inhabitants were genotyped for the determination of the distribution of
allelic polymorphisms Ile337→Val and Glu23→Lys in the KCNJ11 gene, as well as
Ser1369→Ala polymorphism of the ABCC8 gene, encoding Kir6.2 and SUR1 subunits of ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP-channels), respectively. The distribution of the Ile/Ile, Ile/Val and Val/Val genotypes for the Ile337→Val polymorphism in 383 subjects was 36.6 (140 people), 46 (177 people), and 17.2% (66 people), respectively. The frequency of genotypes Glu/Glu, Glu/Lys and Lys/Lys of polymorphism Glu23→Lys, and Ser/Ser, Ser/Ala and Ala/Ala genotypes of Ser1369→Ala polymorphism in 504 subjects reached 40.9 (206 people), 44.8 (226 people), and 14.3% (72 people), respectively. It turned out that inheritance of allelic polymorphisms Glu23→Lys and Ser1369→Ala is linked. Thus, the distribution of polymorphisms Ser1369→Ala and Glu23→Lys shows similarity to European and proximity to Asian populations. The frequency of the Ile/Ile and Ile/Val genotypes according to the polymorphism Ile337→Val is intermediate between the inhabitants of two above-mentioned populations with a slight increase in the Val/Val genotype.
Serum Testosterone Levels in Statin Therapy for Patients with Diabetes and Hypertension
77-83
10.1615/IntJPhysPathophys.v9.i1.90
Abdalla Mohammed
Jarrari
Faculty of Medicine, Benghazi University, Benghazi, Libya
Shakila
Srikumar
Faculty of Medicine, Quest International University Perak, IPOH, Malaysia
Wahid M.
El Sheriff
Faculty of Medicine, Benghazi University, Benghazi, Libya
Noah Mohammed Hamed
Aljarari
Faculty of Medicine, Benghazi University, Benghazi, Libya
Sara A.
Shoaib
Faculty of Medicine, Benghazi University, Benghazi, Libya
Ahmed M.
Zakoko
Faculty of Medicine, Benghazi University, Benghazi, Libya
Dawoodi
Fakruddin
Faculty of
Medicine, Quest International University Perak, IPOH, Malaysia
Mohammed G.
Elfturi
Faculty of Medicine, Benghazi University, Benghazi, Libya
Aaren
Vedangi
Triesta
Sciences, HCG Pinnacle Oncology Pvt. Ltd, Visakhapatnam, India
Anuradha
Argi
Department of Human Genetics, College of Science and Technology, Andhra University,
Visakhapatnam, India
Avinash K.
Rawal
St. Matthew's University School of Medicine,
Cayman Islands
Yupa
Min
Faculty of Medicine, Quest International University Perak, IPOH, Malaysia
Azhar
Hussain
Davenport University College of Health Professionals
Laxmi Teja
Peela
Queen's NRI Hospital, Visakhapatnam, India
Jagannadha Rao
Peela
St. Matthew's University School of Medicine.Grand Cayman, Cayman Islands
diabetes
statin therapy
hypertension
diabetes combined with hypertension
high cholesterol
Hypogonadism in males is a state that needs therapeutic attention and intervention considering that it is associated with aging, diabetes mellitus, and statin therapy. The study was carried out to determine the levels of serum testosterone in subjects treated with statins. Subjects undergoing statin therapy were grouped into two categories: those receiving statins for less than one year and those
treated with statins for more than one year. The average age of subjects was (45 ± 8.5.) Subjects with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol amount in the blood
serum higher than 190mg/dL were included in a group of hypercholesterolemic adults. They received statins (atorvastatin, 40mg/day). Diabetic patients were either
diagnosed according to appropriate criteria or those who were already on medications. Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) for the in vitro quantitative
determination of testosterone in human serum and plasma with a Cobas e411 analyzer were used. It has been shown that serum testosterone level in subjects that received statins was significantly reduced compared to that in control subjects, as well as in diabetic ones. The level of serum testosterone did not depend on the presence of hypertension or diabetes combined with hypertension.
Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels: Classification and Pharmacological Properties
85-97
10.1615/IntJPhysPathophys.v9.i1.100
Olena
Iegorova
Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of
Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Oleksandr P.
Maximyuk
Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of
Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Olexandr
Fisyunov
Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of
Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Oleg O.
Krishtal
Bogomolets Institute of Physiology, National Academy of Sciences of
Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
voltage-gated calcium channels
blockers of calcium channels
conotoxin
Calcium influx though voltage-gated calcium channels mediates a huge number of physiological events and cellular responses. Numerous scientific reports indicate that calcium
channels are involved in synaptic transmission, neurotransmitter release, regulation of gene expression, cellular membrane voltage oscillations, pacemaker activity, secretion of specific substances from nerve and secretory cells, morphological differentiation, activation of
calcium-dependent enzymes, etc. This review represents physiological and pharmacological properties of voltage-gated calcium channels expressed in mammalian cells.