Begell House Inc.
Critical Reviews™ in Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine
CRP
0896-2960
7
4
1995
Peripheral Nerve Injuries in Burn Patients
269-273
10.1615/CritRevPhysRehabilMed.v7.i4.10
Yekyung
Kong
Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation, 1199 Pleasant Valley Way, West Orange, NJ 07052
Kevin C.
O'Connor
Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation, 1199 Pleasant Valley Way, West Orange, NJ 07052
Elinor M.
Cohen
Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation, 1199 Pleasant Valley Way, West Orange, NJ 07052
Sudesh S.
Jain
Clinical Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey; Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation, West Orange, New Jersey; Administrative Director, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Saint Barnabas
Joel A.
DeLisa
Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation, 1199 Pleasant Valley Way, West Orange, NJ 07052
burn
peripheral neuropathy
Approximately 100,000 burn victims are hospitalized each year. The most common neuromuscular problem in these patients is peripheral neuropathy. Despite its prevalence, it remains an understudied and underrecognized area. This article is a comprehensive literature review of peripheral neuropathy found in thermal, chemical, electrical, and radiation burn injuries.
Effectiveness of Rehabilitation
275-286
10.1615/CritRevPhysRehabilMed.v7.i4.20
Ingrid
Soderback
1Centre of Caring Sciences, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden department of Rehabilitation Medicine Clinic, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
critical analysis
evaluation
occupational therapy
process
rehabilitation
scientific methods
A critical literature review was performed to find factors affecting rehabilitation effectiveness and to organize them in a system-oriented framework. The results revealed that the framework contained the definitions of six interacting concepts (society, interdisciplinary team, client, close others, rehabilitation goals, and process) and concepts indicating good quality results (effectiveness, efficiency, efficacy, evaluation) of rehabilitation services. The review included criticism of present research on rehabilitation and suggestions for solutions.
Patellofemoral Stress Syndrome
287-298
10.1615/CritRevPhysRehabilMed.v7.i4.30
Karen
LaBrier
St. John Sports Medicine Center, 18100 Hospital Blvd., Suite 200, Nassau Bay, TX 77058
Daniel B.
O'Neill
St. John Sports Medicine Center, 18100 Hospital Blvd., Suite 200, Nassau Bay, TX 77058
anterior knee pain
patellar position
lateral retinaculum
VMO strengthening
Patellofemoral stress syndrome is a diagnosis used to describe the condition of peripatellar pain without a history of trauma, anatomic malalignment, patellar instability, or clinical evidence of patellofemoral crepitus. The patient complains of pain with sporting events and when sitting with the knee flexed for extended periods of time. A complete history and evaluation should be performed to rule out any other diagnosis. This evaluation should include specific knee tests, lower extremity flexibility tests, and appropriate radiographs. Frequently, the patient displays a weak VMO, tight retinaculum, and tight iliotibial band. Once the patient is diagnosed with patellofemoral stress syndrome, the initial treatment should be conservative. This exercise program should consist of progressive resistive VMO strengthening, hip adduction, iliotibial band stretching, hamstring stretching, and gastrocnemius stretching. The patient should perform these exercises twice a day until symptoms subside and then continue three times per week as long as the patient remains active in sports. If this conservative approach fails, the surgical techniques of lateral release and lateral retinacular lengthening may be an option. The exercise program should be resumed after the surgical procedure to assist in obtaining successful results.
Muscle and Tendon Injuries of the Groin
299-313
10.1615/CritRevPhysRehabilMed.v7.i4.40
Roland
Thomee
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital
Jon
Karlsson
Department of Orthopaedics, Ostra Hospital, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
Muscle and/or tendon injuries in the groin region are rather uncommon. These injuries occur most often as athletic injuries. The symptoms are often uncharacteristic, which can result in a long delay to establish a correct and specific diagnosis.
The overuse strain injury, resulting in chronic tendinitis of the adductor muscle/tendon units, especially the adductor longus, is the most common injury to the groin. The rectus femoris and/or rectus abdominis muscle/ tendon units can also be affected.
Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasonography have been widely adopted in the last few years, establishing diagnosis of muscle/tendon injuries.
The differential diagnoses are numerous. The most commonly overlooked differential diagnoses are chronic inflammation of the prostate and small inguinal hernias. A multidisciplinary approach is therefore valuable in many patients with chronic groin pain.
The recommended treatment is a supervised rehabilitation exercise program with a gradually increasing range of motion, strength, and coordination training. Surgical treatment is rarely indicated. In patients where nonsurgical treatment has failed, surgery may be necessary. Tenotomy of the adductor longus tendon has been shown to give satisfactory results in many patients.
Social Support, Disability, and Rehabilitation
315-333
10.1615/CritRevPhysRehabilMed.v7.i4.50
Mary Ann
McColl
Associate Professor and Head, Occupational Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
social support
disability
rehabilitation
As a way of understanding both population and individual health, social support has become one of the most important variables in contemporary research. However, research suggests that rehabilitation professionals have been slow to recognize the importance of social support and to appropriately emphasize it in rehabilitation and follow-up. This review discusses the literature on social support as it applies to the issues of people with disabilities and rehabilitation professionals. After defining key terms (social support, rehabilitation, and disability), a summary of research on social support in disabled populations is provided, organized according to network characteristics, sources, types, and evaluation of support. Next, four views of the relationships between social support and health are explored: the social isolation view, the dispositional view, the stress-buffering view and the coping assistance view. Each is examined for evidence with people with disabilities and implications for research. Finally, the literature is synthesized to examine recommendations for intervention based on social support. Interventions at the level of the individual, the family, group, and community are explored.
SUBJECT INDEX
335
10.1615/CritRevPhysRehabilMed.v7.i4.60
AUTHOR INDEX
337
10.1615/CritRevPhysRehabilMed.v7.i4.70