Begell House Inc.
Hydrobiological Journal
HYD
0018-8166
38
3
2002
Influence of Physical and Biological Factors on the Formation of the Small-Scale Structure of Bioluminescent and Acoustic Fields in the Black and Mediterranean Seas
12
10.1615/HydrobJ.v38.i3.10
Yu. N.
Tokarev
Institute of Biology of South Seas National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Sevastopol, Ukraine
B. G.
Sokolov
Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas National Academy of Science of Ukraine Sevastopol, Ukraine
Physical and biological mechanisms giving rise to the marine planktonic aggregations and their inner structure are analyzed. In the daytime, the spatial structure of such "spots" is formed mainly under the action of physical factors. At dark hours, the role of biological (reproductive, migratory) factors in forming the heterogeneity of constituents aggregated within the "spots" increases. Biophysical methods using bioluminescence and sound volume backscattering strength are highly effective for characterizing the small-scale (tens of meter volume) structure of planktonic communities.
The Larvae of Mass Benthic Invertebrate Species in the Plankton of Sevastopol Bay
8
10.1615/HydrobJ.v38.i3.20
V. V.
Murina
Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Sevastopol, Ukraine
Ye. V.
Lisitskaya
Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Sevastopol, Ukraine
V. K.
Shalyapin
Institute of the Biology of the Southern Seas National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Sevastopol, Ukraine
It was shown that only three species, Mytilus galloprovincialis, Mytilaster lineatus, and Balanus improvisus, are the major contributors in forming the bulk of benthic invertebrate larvae in Sevastopol Bay. The two maxima (vernal and autumnal) in the numbers of mussel and Balanus (acorn barnacle) larvae have been registered, while Mytilaster produced only one (aestival) peak. This regularity allows them to obviate the necessity in food competition.
Indication (Assessment) of the Sanitary-Ecological State of Tributaries of the Pripyat River According to Cenoses of Higher Aquatic Plants
18
10.1615/HydrobJ.v38.i3.30
Yu. R.
Grokhovskaya
Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev, Ukraine Rivne State Technical University Rivne, Ukraine
I. V.
Grib
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
An integral index for evaluation of the state of the river systems by qualitative composition of higher aquatic vegetation and synthesized biomasses are suggested. Influence of anthropic pollution on composition, distribution and development of macrophytes of the Ustye, Zamchisko and Ikva rivers are studied. Statistical processing of data enables to determine the inverse dependence between the water quality and the numbers of species of higher aquatic plants.
Effect of Industrial and Agricultural Pollution on Macrozoobenthos of the Sheksninskiy Reach of the Rybinsk Reservoir and its Tributaries
12
10.1615/HydrobJ.v38.i3.40
V. I.
Kozlovskaya
Institute of Biology of Inland Waters Russian Academy of Science Borok, Russian Federation
A. I.
Bakanov
Institute of Biology of Inland Waters Russian Academy of Sciences Borok, Russia
Industrial and agricultural discharges flowing into the Sheksna (Sheksninskiy) reach of the Rybinsk reservoir affect the structure of macrozoobenthos communities. Organisms of epifauna living on the surface of grounds suffered first. When agricultural discharges are diluted enough, the quantity of chironomids (Chironomidae) sharply increases. The same is relevant to the conditions of oil pollution in low concentrations. Chironomids are less resistant to industrial pollution. Oligochaetes (Oligochaeta, with the dominance of Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri) are predominated in zones of industrial pollution.
Influence of Hypoxia of Varying Duration on Malate Dehydrogenase and Lactate Dehydrogenase Activities in the Tissues of Mussel
6
10.1615/HydrobJ.v38.i3.50
I. V.
Emeretli
Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Sevastopol, Ukraine
Hypoxic conditions were formed at the expense of diminished 0; content consumed by mussels from a limited water volume during 24, 72, and 120 hours. Temperature was the same as that of seawater at the time of experimentation. Malate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase activities (MDHA, LDHA) shifted in the foot tissues most clearly than in other organs compared. Decrease in MDHA is primarily a consequence of hypoxia, while LDHA responses to the temperature factor.
Content of Sterols in the Mollusk Scapharca inaequivalvis (Bruquiere) Naturalized in the Black Sea
6
10.1615/HydrobJ.v38.i3.60
R. P.
Kandyuk
Odessa Branch of the Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Odessa, Ukraine
It is found that qualitative compositions of sterols in Scapharca inaequivalvis and Mytilus galloprovincialis are identical, although contents of sterols in the mussel's body are somewhat higher. Scapharca may be considered as a potential source of some lipid substances for practical purposes. The factors influencing the variations in sterol contents in this mollusk under natural conditions are discussed.
Rates of Energy Metabolism in Mnemiopsis leidyi (A. Agassiz) Depending on Temperature and Feeding Conditions
8
10.1615/HydrobJ.v38.i3.70
G. I.
Abolmasova
Institute of Biology of Inland Waters Sevastopol
Annual dynamics of oxygen consumption and influence of environmental factors on this process in the alien species of ctenophores that invaded the Black Sea are discussed.
Oxygen Balance of the Kiev Reservoir in Wintertime
15
10.1615/HydrobJ.v38.i3.80
O. V.
Timchenko
Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev, Ukraine
V. M.
Yakushyn
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
The main components of the intra-waterbody oxygen balance of the Kiev reservoir, including atmospheric and photosynthetic aeration and biological and chemical oxygen demand, were studied in wintertime. It has been found that freezing-over, which is responsible for atmospheric and photosynthetic aeration, flowrate, and also the concentration of oxygen in the Pripyat and Dnieper rivers flowing into the reservoir, are the main factors influencing dynamics of the content of dissolved oxygen.
Regularities of the Distribution of Oligochaetae in Cooling Ponds of Thermal and Nuclear Power Stations
10
10.1615/HydrobJ.v38.i3.90
S. A.
Afanasyev
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
It has been found that Oligochaetae are of considerable importance in periphyton and benthos of cooling ponds of thermal and nuclear power stations of Ukraine and Poland. Some species were recorded from the territory of the Ukrainian Polesye for the first time. A total of 68 species of Oligochaetae was found during the period of investigations. Their highest numbers, more than 6 million specimens/m2, were registered at 34°C. Temperature preferendums were determined for 22 species of Oligochaetae. Species characterized by paratomy prevailed in the places of discharge of heated waters. A high temperature of water inhibited the development of Tubificidae.
Balance of Organic Matter in the Pelagic Zone of the Cooling Ponds of the Kalinin Nuclear Power Station
10
10.1615/HydrobJ.v38.i3.100
I. V.
Petrova
State Hydrological Institute St.-Petersburg, Russia
M. L.
Pidgayko
State Hydrological Institute St.-Petersburg, Russia
T. N.
Filatova
State Hydrological Institute St.-Petersburg, Russia
The influence of heated waters of the Kalinin Nuclear Power Station on the balance of organic matter in the pelagic zone of the lakes Pesvo and Udomlya used as cooling ponds was insignificant. The increase in the content of organic matter in the lakes was registered mainly at the expense of its external influx. Under operating conditions of the Kalinin Nuclear Power Station, the concentration of organic matter produced by phytoplankton increased in response to the increase in the duration of vegetation season.
Modern State of Populations of Dreissena in the Cooling Pond of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Station
6
10.1615/HydrobJ.v38.i3.110
Dynamics of the biomass of two species of the genus Dreissena occurring in the cooling pond of the Chemobyl Nuclear Power Station were analyzed over a period of 20 years (1979-1999). Dreissena bugensis Andrusov was found in the cooling pond in 1990. Relationship between Dreissena polymorpha Pallas and Dreissena bugensis Andrusov was studied in different sections and biotopes of the cooling pond. The total biomass of Dreissena was assessed as of August 1999.
Saprobiological Characteristics of the Ecological State of Lake Yalpug in terms of Organisms of Macrozoobenthos
9
10.1615/HydrobJ.v38.i3.120
Yu. N.
Volikov
Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev, Ukraine
The modem state of macrozoobenthos of Lake Yalpug was studied. Saprobiological characteristics of water quality were investigated by different methods. The obtained results were compared. New Saprobiological indices for Dreissena occurring in water bodies of the southern part of Ukraine have been proposed.
Temperature Dependence of the Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity in Tissues of the Black Sea Flatfishes
8
10.1615/HydrobJ.v38.i3.130
I. V.
Emeretli
Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Sevastopol, Ukraine
The activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, EC 1.1.1.27) was studied in spring and autumn at different temperatures of the enzyme incubation in cytoplasm of tissues of two poikilothermic fish species: Scophtalmus maeoticus maeoticus and Platichthys flesus luscus. The enzyme activity decreased in the following series: white muscles - red muscles - gills - gonads - liver; it respectively equaled 0.7631-5.3585, 0.1860-2.0931, 0.0814-0.3946, 0.0338-0.3854, and 0.0035-0.0284 mmole/min·mg. This activity depends on the temperature of the enzyme incubation and the duration of experiments. The LDH activity correlates with the metabolism intensity in tissues, the level of actual fish mobility, the stage of gonad maturation, and temperature peculiarities of the species.
Sterols of Cultured Mussels and their Processed Products
8
10.1615/HydrobJ.v38.i3.140
R. P.
Kandyuk
Odessa Branch of the Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Odessa, Ukraine
The quantitative and qualitative content of sterols in mollusks (Mytilus) cultivated at experimental-commercial farms in coastal Black Sea regions of Crimea and Odessa, as well as in products of their processing (forcemeat, paste, and broth) were studied. It was demonstrated that cultured mollusks and their processed products, especially forcemeat, contained much more sterols than mussels grown under natural conditions. As a result, they can be recommended for obtaining the biologically active lipids and lipid-like substances for developing the widely used preparations.
Influence of N-Nitrosamines on the Development of Phytoplankton
9
10.1615/HydrobJ.v38.i3.150
V. M.
Mikhaylenko
Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine; Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology, and Radiobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine; Institute of Botany National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev, Ukraine
T. F.
Shevchenko
Institute of Hydrobiology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
A. A.
Glavin
Institute of Hydrobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine; Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology, and Radiobiology National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine; Institute of Botany National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Kiev, Ukraine
The influence of N-dimethylnitrosamine (DMNA) on the intensity of development of river phytoplankton was studied. It has been found that the number of algal species decreased with increasing the concentration of the toxicant in water. DMNA concentrations of 120 mg/L and more had an adverse effect on the complex of dominant species. All the studied concentrations of DMNA stimulated the development of Euglenophyta. The response of particular algal species to contamination of the aquatic environment by N-nitrosamines was revealed.
Dynamics of Proteins and Nucleic Acids in the Carp Organism under the Impact of Increased Concentrations of Manganese, Zinc, and Copper
9
10.1615/HydrobJ.v38.i3.160
V. Z.
Kurant
Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Teachers-Training University
Ternopil, Ukraine
Effects of higher concentrations of manganese, zinc, and copper on the content of nucleic acids and proteins in carp tissues (liver, muscles, and blood) were studied. The concentrations of manganese and zinc, taken as 2 and 5 maximum permissible concentrations (MPC), increased the quantity of nucleic acids in carp tissues, whereas copper decreased the index. Similar tendencies were observed for proteins as well.