Begell House Inc.
Critical Reviews™ in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems
CRT
0743-4863
37
5
2020
Relevance of Nanotechnology in Solving Oral Drug Delivery Challenges: A Perspective Review
407-434
10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2020032583
Shivsharan B.
Dhadde
D.S.T.S. Mandal's College of Pharmacy, Solapur-413004, Maharastra, India
Jagadevappa S.
Patil
MMES's Bangi College of Pharmacy, Vijayapur-586101, Karnataka, India
Baburao N.
Chandakavathe
D.S.T.S. Mandal's College of Pharmacy, Solapur-413004, Maharastra, India
B. S.
Thippeswamy
Department of Biomedical Science, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University Al-Dawadmi, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Mahantesh G.
Kavatekar
BLDEA's College of Pharmacy, Basavana Bagewadi-586203, Karnataka, India
nanotechnology
nanostructure
drug delivery
nanomedicine
oral nanosystem
Nanotechnology is opening up new opportunities in drug delivery, including oral delivery, and it may reduce toxicity and increase drug ability. Presently, researchers are expanding their knowledge in the development of oral nanomedicine to extend the scope of oral drug delivery and exhibit excellent platforms for drug transportation, target, and controlled release. The present review is an attempt to define updated oral nanostructured systems for the delivery of a wide range of drugs. The review also focuses on the use of different polymeric and other materials, technologies adopted, and benefits/drawbacks of delivery systems.
Clinical Applications of Nanosized Drug-Delivery Systems in Lung Cancer Imaging and Therapy
435-471
10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2020031657
Merve
Karpuz
Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Radiopharmacy, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey; Izmir Katip Celebi University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Radiopharmacy, 35620, Cigli, Izmir, Turkey
Mine
Silindir-Gunay
Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Radiopharmacy, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
Asuman Yekta
Ozer
Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Radiopharmacy, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
lung cancer treatment
lung cancer imaging
nanosized drug-delivery systems
theranostic approach
Globally, lung cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed and deadliest types of cancer. Lung cancer imaging can be performed using both invasive and noninvasive techniques, including magnetic resonance, positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomography, chest radiography, and computed tomography. But nonspecific contrast agents and radiopharmaceuticals are insufficient for early and specific diagnoses and imaging. In the case of lung cancer therapy, conventional therapeutic agents and radiotherapy may cause severe and systemic adverse and toxic effects and fail to eradicate all tumor tissue. Therefore, formulation of novel, targeted, and specific agents is critically important to overcome these challenges. In this review, we summarize lung cancer classification, current methods for lung cancer imaging and therapy, and future options containing nanosized systems for lung cancer imaging and/or therapy.
Insight on Multidrug Resistance and Nanomedicine Approaches to Overcome MDR
473-509
10.1615/CritRevTherDrugCarrierSyst.2020025052
Imran Shair
Mohammad
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P.R. China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China
Wei
He
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P.R. China
Lifang
Yin
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, P.R. China
multidrug resistance
ATP-binding cassette
stem cells
nanoparticles
combination nanomedicine
Multidrug resistance (MDR) remains a major obstacle to ensure effective chemotherapy in cancer patients. Several factors could be associated with cancer cells' drug resistance such as overexpression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), cancer stem cells (CSCs), defect in apoptosis, mutation and alteration in DNA repair pathways, angiogenesis, autophagy, and modulation in metabolic enzymes. Until now, drug efflux by ABC transporters has been a univocal and well-established mechanism of chemotherapeutic associated drug resistance. To explore the mechanics involved in ABC transporter associated drug resistance, many crucial studies have been conducted from identification of drug binding sites to elucidation of their structure. Due to our continuous battle with drug resistance, several strategies have been employed to combat MDR, including P-gp modulators, siRNAs, antibodies, as well as peptides. Furthermore, various nanoparticle and different effective combination nanomedicine strategies also suggest some exciting results. Thus, to improve nanomedicine approaches to overcome MDR, in this evolutionary review, we have focused on fundamentals of possible strategies as well as the latest accomplishments to reverse MDR.