Begell House Inc.
Visualization, Image Processing and Computation in Biomedicine
VIPCB
2
1
2013
Application of a wavelet thresholding algorithm for contrast enhancement of mammograms
0
10.1615/VisualizImageProcComputatBiomed.2013005779
Amutha
Somasundaram
Department of Computer Science, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bangalore, India
Amaresha Shridhar
Konar
Medical Imaging Research Centre, Department of Computer Science, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bangalore, India
Radhakrishna Anantha
Padmanabha
Department of Radiology, Sagar Hospital, Bangalore, India
Ramesh Babu
D. R.
Medical Imaging Research Centre, Department of Computer Science, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bangalore, India
Sairam
Geethanath
Medical Imaging Research Center (MIRC), Department of Medical Electronics, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India; Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027
Contrast enhancement
mammograms
thresholding
wavelet denoising
radiological evaluation
We present a novel algorithm for enhancement and visibility of low-contrast features in breast mammograms. Contrast of mammograms is enhanced by the use of mathematical morphology and wavelet denoising with an emphasis on differentiating edge pixels from noise to enhance visible diagnostic signs like masses and microcalcifications. We present the results of our proposed method and compare it with three other contrast-enhancement algorithms based on the quantitative metrics of the contrast improvement index (CII) and the edge preservation index (EPI), as well as radiological evaluation. Our results based on these metrics indicate that our method outperforms the three other approaches. The results of the clinical evaluation are in good agreement with the comparative analyses based on CII and EPI.
Digital Mammographic Tomosynthesis in Modern E-Medicine
0
10.1615/VisualizImageProcComputatBiomed.2013005975
Anatoly R.
Dabagov
CJSC Meditsinskie Tekhnolohii Ltd
mammography
tomosynthesis
e-medicine
The methods and equipment for computer tomosynthesis of mammographic images and automation equipment are discussed. The prospects of the new equipment, both in terms of surveys and development of methods for e-health, are shown.
Distributed Wireless Monitoring Information Systems for Medical and Other Applications
0
10.1615/VisualizImageProcComputatBiomed.2013005973
Vyacheslav E.
Antsiperov
V. A. Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences
G. K.
Mansurov
V. A. Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences
Oleg V.
Evseev
V. A. Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow Physical technical Institute (State University)
A. A.
Belchik
Moscow Physical technical Institute (State University)
I. A.
Nichiporuk
Institute of Medical and Biological Problem, Russian Academy of Sciences
B. V.
Morukov
Institute of Medical and Biological Problem, Russian Academy of Sciences
O. I.
Orlov
Institute of Medical and Biological Problem, Russian Academy of Sciences
wireless monitoring
distributed information system
heterogeneous networks
functional state of man
The paper presents the results of investigations devoted to the construction of information systems for wireless monitoring of distributed parameters (in particular, medical parameters). Special emphasis is placed on interface methods in such systems, using heterogeneous network technologies. The results of implementing a system prototype based on wireless networking standard IEEE 802.15.4 are discussed. The results of this prototype testing in the MARS−500 project, simulating the work in a spacesuit after landing of astronauts on the surface of the planet, are presented.
The Problem of Pattern Recognition for Diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease by EEG Data
0
10.1615/VisualizImageProcComputatBiomed.2013005970
Feodor N.
Grigoriev
V.A. Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences
N. A.
Kuznetsov
V. A. Kotelnikov Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences
diagnosis
Parkinson's disease
evaluation
normalized correlation sequence
linear decision rule
separating hyperplane
The vector for evaluation of a normalized correlation sequence for signals O2−A2 of a patient's EEG is defined for diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. The linear decision rule was built by developing a hyperplane separating the sets of vectors corresponding to ill versus healthy individuals. The disease diagnosis using real data was simulated.
A Five-Axis Arm-Manipulator Laser System and an Algorithm for Digital Processing of Output Data for Recording and Morpho-Topological Identification of Cell and Tissue Structures in Histomorphogenesis
0
10.1615/VisualizImageProcComputatBiomed.2013005967
Alexander V.
Notchenko
Neuronal Brain Structure Laboratory, Scientific Neurology Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences; Bauman Moscow State Technical University
O. V.
Gradov
Neuronal Brain Structure Laboratory, Scientific Neurology Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences; Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences
laser identification
topological analysis
robotic arm
odometry
speckle
Fyodorov stage
digital image processing
digital signal processing
histo-morphogenesis
An automated system for morpho-topological determination of cell division phases and structural differentiation of tissues during morphogenesis was implemented on the basis of topological properties of cell cultures, analyzed within the naïve theory of sets. A simple robotic hardware and software system based on a Zeiss microscope with a modified stage and a Velleman manipulator KSR-1 allows controlling the laser module position, carrying out the angular irradiation of samples both in transmission and in darkfield or luminescent modes and the subsequent mathematical data processing. This low-budget system can be easily assembled and programmed in any cytomorphological or histomorphological laboratory using available materials at hand. The code for data processing in MATLAB is given at the end of the paper.
Elementary Morphometric Labs-on-a-Chip Based on Hemocytometric Chambers with Radiofrequency Culture Identification and Relay of Spectrozonal Histochemical Monitoring
0
10.1615/VisualizImageProcComputatBiomed.2013005968
Alexander V.
Notchenko
Neuronal Brain Structure Laboratory, Scientific Neurology Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences; Bauman Moscow State Technical University
O. V.
Gradov
Neuronal Brain Structure Laboratory, Scientific Neurology Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences; Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences
lab-on-a-chip
telemedicine
CCD
radiofrequency identification
spectrozonal monitoring
mathematical morphology
automatic pattern recognition and classification
CMOS
histochemistry
An accessible design of autonomous labs-on-the-chip, which do not require a special reader but use grid hemocytometric counting chambers for sectioning the detected cells, isolated by a special device for cell sedimentation, is proposed. A system for automated radiofrequency (RF) identification of chambers in long-term storage conditions, which provides new morphometric data at various stages of cultivation or biomonitoring, is proposed. A new diffraction method for calculating and fingerprinting cellular structures in varying environmental conditions is described. Experimental data on the pilot testing of Fuchs-Rosenthal, Buerker, Neubauer, Makler, and Thoma chambers for the described technique are presented. The applicability of these devices for coherent-densitometric indication either of concentration dynamics in cell culture or of suspension and morphogenetic processes in them for laminar conditions is shown. A self-learning program for cellular pattern recognition and precision cytophotometry based on a lab-on-a-chip with micrometric object calibration relative to the counting net is demonstrated. A hybrid in vitro/in silico method of morphogenesis monitoring in cell cultures is introduced.
Improving Characteristics of Microwave Radio Thermographs for Medical Use
0
10.1615/VisualizImageProcComputatBiomed.2013005974
Vladimir S.
Kublanov
B.N. Yeltsin Ural Federal University
O. V.
Potapova
A. N. Tupolev Kazan National Research Technical University, KAI
Yu. E.
Sedelnikov
A. N. Tupolev Kazan National Research Technical University, KAI
A. M.
Syskov
B. N. Yeltsin Ural Federal University
microwave radiation
brain
radiographic brightness temperature
focused antenna
aperture
thermal equilibrium scheme
matching of the antenna to the body
measurement invariance
New approaches to the construction of microwave radiometers, which can be used for the development of advanced products for monitoring human body's intrinsic microwave radiation, are discussed.
Advances in Frame-based versus Frameless Stereotaxic Methods in Localization of Coordinates During Neurosurgery
0
10.1615/VisualizImageProcComputatBiomed.2013005309
Zahra
Hosseini
McMaster University; Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 1N4, Canada
Behzad
Iranpanah
stereotaxy
frameless
frame-based
localization
accuracy
registration
intra-operative
medical imaging
multimodality
The idea proposed by Horsley and Clark, to address the accuracy requirements of surgical procedures performed on the brain, was the foundation of stereotaxic techniques. These pioneers utilized a frame-based configuration, to create an extracranial reference system and identified the anterior and posterior commissure (AC-PC) on x-ray images to localize targets of interest. Proliferation of computed tomography has given rise to the improvement of frame-based stereotaxy and advent of frameless techniques. Numerous studies have been performed to validate, apply, and further improve these techniques. Application of frameless techniques have been found to be more robust when compared to frame-based systems. Furthermore, surgical procedures performed through frameless methods have been associated with shorter surgeries and hospital stays. Nevertheless, both techniques have limitations, such as an inability to compensate for brain shift, which results in localization mismatch. Intraoperative imaging has been employed by a number of groups to create a repeatable procedure by taking into account dynamic changes of intracranial structures.
Traditional Heating Methods Applied in Magnetic Resonance Thermometry
0
10.1615/VisualizImageProcComputatBiomed.2013005971
Alexander A.
Volkov
A.M. Prokhorov General Physics Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow Center of Magnetic Tomography and Spectroscopy, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow
S. K.
Kakageldyev
Center of Magnetic Tomography and Spectroscopy, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow
A. S.
Prokhorov
A. M. Prokhorov Institute of General Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
Yu. A.
Pirogov
Center of Magnetic Tomography and Spectroscopy, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
magnetic resonance thermometry (MRT)
temperature monitoring
noncontact temperature field recording
The capabilities and expediency of using traditional methods of heating and heat diffusion from miniature electrical heaters are discussed. Methods of combined use of electrically conducting sources of heat (electric heaters made from high-resistant wire) with MRI equipment and monitoring of thermal effects, caused by heating, are described. Space-time dynamics of artifacts, induced by materials of electric heaters and their magnetic fields, is demonstrated on model objects.
Brain Fractal Blood-Oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD) Signals: The Effect of MRI Acquisition Parameters on Temporal Fractal Dimension (FD) Stability
0
10.1615/VisualizImageProcComputatBiomed.2013006007
Mohammed A.
Warsi
School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neuroscience, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
Alexander M.
Weber
School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neuroscience; Brain-Body Institute, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
Michael D.
Noseworthy
Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Imaging Research Centre, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, 50 Charlton Ave. E., Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, McMaster University, 280 Main Street W., Hamilton, ON, Canada; School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton ON, Canada; Department of Radiology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. W., Hamilton, ON, Canada
functional magnetic resonance imaging
blood oxygen level dependent (bold)
MRI
brain
fractal
resting state
Fractal analysis of the temporal patterns in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) brain data has recently gained momentum in assessing diseased and pharmacokinetically altered brain. However, there is no agreed standard method of acquisition and analysis. Therefore, we examined the fractal dimension (FD) of the brain's blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal over time, with varying time points, MRI k-space filling techniques, repetition times (TR), and scan lengths. Furthermore, fractal dimension was determined with two different approaches: relative dispersion (FDRD), and power spectrum (FDPS) techniques. At a reduced number of time points, FDRD is resistant to differing TR. FDPS is time-point invariant at a low TR (250 ms). With constant scan times, FDPS is the least variable. Our results show that some constraints to FD measurement in the brain require a certain amount of consistency in technique when comparing multiple scans. But within these constraints, FD can provide a reliable method of examining the brain's resting state BOLD signal.
Magnetic Resonance Elastography: Overview of Methodology and Applications
0
10.1615/VisualizImageProcComputatBiomed.2013003592
Aravinthan
Jegatheesan
School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University; Imaging Research Center, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
Qiong
Wu
School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
Alyaa
Elzibak
Imaging Research Center, St. Joseph's Healthcare; Department of Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
Elham
Khosrowshahli
School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
elastography
MRI
actuator
inverse problem
cancer
liver
muscle
elastogram
modulus
Pathological conditions change the cellular structure of tissue resulting in an alteration of cellular elasticity. Elastic change is an effective measure of pathology and is therefore of great interest for clinical diagnosis. Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is an emerging imaging technique that measures in vivo stiffness. MRE consists of inducing mechanical stress using actuators to encode stress in tissue and using magnetic gradients to measuring resulting displacement in MRI phase images. Numerous actuator designs for static/quasi-static and harmonic stress generation exist, including designs based on piezoelectric, acoustomechanical, pneumatic and electromagnetic principles. The inverse problem reconstructs elasticity values for tissue from displacement measurements and can be solved both numerically and analytically.
A survey of MRE publications in various anatomical regions reveals it may be of both diagnostic and prognostic value. While the technique is tentatively explored in some body regions, such as bone, cartilage and the eye, it has been widely used in the area of liver imaging. Liver MRE has shown high sensitivity and specificity and shows promise in hepatic fibrosis staging. A concentration of work in breast MRE has yielded promising results, with MRE showing sensitivity to breast cancer. In addition, MRE is useful in detecting skin lesions, in assessing muscle status and in "palpating" the brain noninvasively. MRE of the prostate and heart is challenging due to location, promising initial results have been obtained and may lead to further future applications. MRE of the lung is major area of research but the low density and low signal-to-noise in MRI are challenges. This paper provides a summary of research in all these areas.