Begell House Inc.
International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms
IJM
1521-9437
21
6
2019
A Review on Nutritional and Biological Potential of Earthstar Mushrooms, Species of Genus Astraeus ( Agaricomycetes)
523-536
10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2019030896
Pankaj
Singh
Institute of Forest Biodiversity, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500100, India
Vinay K.
Varshney
Chemistry Division, Forest Research Institute,
PO New Forest, Dehra Dun 248 006, India
K. Jayaram
Kumar
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, BIT,
Mesra, Ranchi-835303
Sanjay
Singh
Institute of Forest Productivity, Ranchi-835303
Astraeus spp.
nutritional value
chemical constituents
biological activities
medicinal mushrooms
The Astraeus genus (Diplocystaceae) of ectomycorrhizal edible mushrooms is represented by nine species: A. asiaticus, A. hygrometricus, A. koreanus, A. morganii, A. odoratus, A. pteridis, A. sirindhorniae, A. smithii, and A. telleriae. Astraeus mushrooms, because of their characteristic delicacy and aroma, are marketed in several countries. Chemical examinations of these mushrooms have revealed their nutritional properties and bioactive constituents. Here, the proximate nutritional composition of A. hygrometricus and A. odoratus, and chemistry and biological activity of A.
asiaticus, A. hygrometricus, A. odoratus, and A. pteridis were reviewed. Several mycochemicals, including polysaccharides, terpenoids, steroids, phenolics and heterocyclic compounds, have been characterized in their fruiting body. Various biological activities of these compounds are also discussed.
Analysis of the Influence of Substrate Formulations on the Bioactive Chemical Profile of Lingzhi or Reishi Medicinal Mushroom, Ganoderma lucidum (Agaricomycetes) by Conventional and Chemometrics Methods
537-548
10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2019030869
Maximiliano A.
Bidegain
Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Laboratorio de Biotecnología de Hongos Comestibles y Medicinales, CERZOS, CONICET-UNS, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
Pablo Daniel
Postemsky
Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida (CERZOS), Universidad
Nacional del Sur – CONICET. Laboratorio de Biotecnologia de Hongos Comestibles y Medicinales. Camino La Carrindanga Km. 7, Bahia Blanca (8000), Buenos Aires, Argentina
Olga
Pieroni
Departamento de Quimica, Universidad
Nacional del Sur, Bahia Blanca (8000), Buenos Aires, Argentina
Maria Amelia
Cubitto
Departamento de Biologia, Bioquimica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, Bahia Blanca (8000), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Centro de Recursos Naturales Renovables de la Zona Semiárida (CERZOS), Universidad
Nacional del Sur – CONICET. Laboratorio de Biotecnologia de Hongos Comestibles y Medicinales. Camino La Carrindanga Km. 7, Bahia Blanca (8000), Buenos Aires, Argentina
Ganoderma lucidum
sunflower seed hulls
rice agroresidues
copper
olive oil
infrared spectroscopy
medicinal mushrooms
Ganoderma lucidum, a mushroom with medicinal properties, can grow on diverse lignocellulosic substrates. Substrate enrichment with additives has been used as a strategy to increase mushroom productivity. In this study, we evaluated the impact of substrate formulation on the bioactive chemical profile of the basidiome. The bioactive chemical profile of basidiomes cultivated on rice agro-residues (RA) or sunflower seed hulls (SSH) enriched with olive oil and/or copper was evaluated using conventional colorimetric methods and FT-MIR spectrometry coupled with chemometrics. The contents of total triterpenoids, ganoderic acids, high-molecular-weight carbohydrates, and phenolic compounds were sensitive to substrate formulation and harvest time. Moreover, cluster analysis and principal
component analysis of the mid-IR spectra were able to discriminate between basidiomes cultivated on either RA or SSH substrates, and for SSH substrates between enriched and nonenriched formulas. These results indicate that the bioactive composition of G. lucidum can be influenced by the formulation of the cultivation substrate.
Investigations on Antioxidative Potential of Poroid Medicinal Mushroom Porodaedalea pini (Agaricomycetes)
549-559
10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2019030883
Navpreet
Kaur
Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
Niharika
Kaushal
Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University,
Patiala, Punjab, India
Minni
Singh
Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University,
Patiala, Punjab, India
Avneet Pal
Singh
Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
Gurpaul Singh
Dhingra
Department of Botany, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
antioxidant activity
Porodaedalea pini
medicinal mushrooms
The present investigations were undertaken to evaluate the antioxidative potential of Porodaedalea pini
(Brot.) Murrill. Different solvent extracts were prepared using powdered basidiocarps to determine the total phenolic
content in terms of tannic acid equivalents (TAE), hydroxyl, superoxide, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical
scavenging activity. Maximum TAE (12.42 mg/g) were found in hot water (HW) extract, which was obtained for 1 h
as compared to ethanol (0.456 mg/g) and methanol (0.227 mg/g) extracts. This was further supported by high hydroxyl
radical scavenging activity (90.0%), superoxide radical scavenging activity (88.9%), and DPPH radical scavenging activity (74.92%) in the the HW extract obtained for 1 h. Mass spectra analysis of HW extract revealed the presence of 14 polyphenolic compounds responsible for imparting antioxidative character. Among these hispidulin is one of the major polyphenolic compounds present in the poroid mushroom under investigation; this was further validated by high-performance liquid chromatography analysis.
Antioxidant and Anti-Aging Activities of Ethyl Acetate Extract of the Coral Tooth Mushroom, Hericium coralloides (Agaricomycetes)
561-570
10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2019030840
Jinxiu
Zhang
College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, P.R. China
Jing
Zhang
Hebei Food Inspection and Research Institute, Shijiazhuang, 050091, People's Republic of China
Liqiang
Zhao
College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, P.R. China
Xiaoxi
Shui
College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, People's Republic of China
Li-An
Wang
College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, P.R. China
Yuefeng
Wu
The Life Science College, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, People's Republic of China
Hericium coralloides
HcEAE
DPPH
hydroxyl
ABTS
superoxide (O2- ) radicals
D-galactose-induced aged mouse model
medicinal mushrooms
The in vitro antioxidant effects of petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extracts isolated from Hericium coralloides were investigated. Overall, the ethyl acetate extract of H. coralloides (HcEAE) showed better antioxidant activity in vitro than the petroleum ether and ethanol extracts (HcPEE and HcETE, respectively) of H. coralloides. A comprehensive investigation of the antioxidant activity of the HcEAE in vitro indicated that it possessed superior antioxidant activity, with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 0.93, 1.84, 1.59, and 0.6 mg/mL against DPPH, hydroxyl, ABTS+, and superoxide (O2- ) radicals, respectively. To assess in vivo antioxidant activity, three different
doses of HcEAE were orally administered in a D-galactose–induced aged mouse model. Administration of HcEAE significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and lowered the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in brains and sera of mice in a dose-dependent manner. A histopathology assessment indicated that the HcEAE could ameliorate the anile condition of the model mice. These results suggest that the HcEAE has potent antioxidant activity and could minimize the occurrence of age-associated disorders associated with free radicals.
Antioxidant, Anticancer, Antimicrobial, and Antibiofilm Properties of the Culinary-Medicinal Fairy Ring Mushroom, Marasmius oreades (Agaricomycetes)
571-582
10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2019030874
Naznoosh
Shomali
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
Okan
Onar
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, 06100 Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
Basar
Karaca
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, 06100 Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
Nergiz
Demirtas
The Ministry of Food, Agriculture
and Livestock, Food Control Laboratory, Food Chemical Analysis Laboratory, Ankara, Turkey
Arzu Coleri
Cihan
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, 06100 Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
Ilgaz
Akata
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, 06100 Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
Ozlem
Yildirim
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, 06100 Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey
antibiofilm activity
anticancer
antimicrobial
antioxidant
Marasmius oreades
medicinal mushrooms
phenolic composition
This study is based on the phenolic composition and the antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, and antibiofilm
activities of the edible mushroom Marasmius oreades from Turkey. The phenolic composition of an M. oreades ethanol extract was measured by using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, aluminium chloride colorimetry, and ultraperformance liquid chromatography. The antioxidant activity was evaluated on the basis of DPPH radical scavenging activity. The effect of the M. oreades ethanol extract was also screened in order to determine glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione
peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase enzyme activities. The antimicrobial activity of the mushroom extract was evaluated by using well diffusion and was based on the minimum inhibitory concentration. In addition, the antibiofilm potential of M. oreades was analyzed against Gram-positive and -negative bacteria. Finally, the anticancer effects of the mushroom extract were tested on colon (HT-29) and breast (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) cancer cell lines by using the MTT assay. The results revealed that the total amount of phenolics in the ethanol extract of M. oreades was 10.990 ± 0.0007 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g, and the total amount of flavonoids was 1.139 ± 0.0052 mg quercetin equivalent/100 g. The ultraperformance liquid chromatography results indicated that the M. oreades ethanol extract contained various phenolic compounds: catechin, ferulic, gallic acid, and vanillic acid. The M. oreades ethanol extract scavenged about 80% of DPPH free radicals. It did not show any effect on the glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase enzyme activities, but its maximal concentration (10 mg/mL) increased superoxide dismutase activity (8%). The ethanol extract of M. oreades showed a moderate anticancer effect on the HT-29, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Although the ethanolic extract of the mushroom did not show sufficient antibacterial activity, it presented a strong antibiofilm effect against all studied pathogenic strains at the tested concentrations.
Chaga Medicinal Mushroom, Inonotus obliquus (Agaricomycetes) Polysaccharides Suppress Tacrine-induced Apoptosis by ROS-scavenging and Mitochondrial Pathway in HepG2 Cells
583-593
10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2019030857
Zhiguo
Li
Occupational and Environmental Health Department, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, West Segment of South
Lvshun Road, Dalian 116044, China
Junjie
Mei
Occupational and Environmental Health Department, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, West Segment of South
Lvshun Road, Dalian 116044, China
Liping
Jiang
Occupational and Environmental Health Department, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, West Segment of South
Lvshun Road, Dalian 116044, China
Chengyan
Geng
Occupational and Environmental Health Department, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, West Segment of South
Lvshun Road, Dalian 116044, China
Qiujuan
Li
Occupational and Environmental Health Department, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, West Segment of South
Lvshun Road, Dalian 116044, China
Xiaofeng
Yao
Occupational and Environmental Health Department, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, West Segment of South
Lvshun Road, Dalian 116044, China
Jun
Cao
Occupational and Environmental Health Department, Dalian Medical University, No. 9, West Segment of South
Lvshun Road, Dalian 116044, China
apoptosis
antioxidant
Inonotus obliquus
medicinal mushrooms
mitochondrial pathway
tacrine
Tacrine is the first drug licensed for the treatment of Alzheimer disease. Unfortunately, reversible hepatotoxicity
limits its clinical use. In our previous study, we found that tacrine induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells by reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and mitochondria dysfunction. Inonotus obliquus is a mushroom traditionally used as a folk medicine in Asia. In this study, the possible protective effect of polysaccharides from I. obliquus was investigated. The results showed that I. obliquus polysaccharides (IOP) reduced tacrine-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells. Inhibition of tacrine-induced ROS generation, 8-OHdG formation in mitochondrial DNA, and loss of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential by IOP were also observed. Furthermore, IOP decreased the cytochrome c release and activation of caspase-3 induced by tacrine. These data suggest that IOP could inhibit tacrine-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells. The protection is mediated by an antioxidant protective mechanism. Consumption of IOP may be a plausible way to prevent tacrine-induced hepatotoxicity.
Increased Inhibition Effect of Antrodin C from the Stout Camphor Medicinal Mushroom, Taiwanofungus camphoratus (Agaricomycetes), on A549 through Crosstalk between Apoptosis and Autophagy
595-610
10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2019025901
Wenhan
Wang
National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Applied Mycological Resources and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding; Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, P.R. China
Hairui
Yang
National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Applied Mycological Resources and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding; Institute of
Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China; WuXi AppTec Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
Jing
Deng
Key Laboratory of Culinary Science, Sichuan Tourism University, Chengdu, 610100,
China
Lina
Zhu
National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Applied Mycological Resources and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
Yan
Yang
National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Applied Mycological Resources and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Institute of
Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
Zhendong
Liu
Food Science College, Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi Tibet 860000, People’s Republic of China
Jingsong
Zhang
Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, P.R. China; National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi; National R&D Center for Edible Fungi Processing, Shanghai, 201403, P.R. China
Chuanhong
Tang
Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Key Laboratory of Edible Fungi Resources and Utilization (South), Ministry of Agriculture, P.R. China; National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi; National R&D Center for Edible Fungi Processing, Shanghai, 201403, P.R. China
Zhong
Zhang
National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Applied Mycological Resources and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Institute of
Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
Haining
Zhuang
National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Applied Mycological Resources and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, China
Henan
Zhang
National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Applied Mycological Resources and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding; Institute of
Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, P.R. China
Wei
Jia
National Engineering Research Center of Edible Fungi, Key Laboratory of Applied Mycological Resources and Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetics and Breeding; Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, P.R. China
apoptosis
autophagy
cell clone
cell cycle
cell migration
proliferation
reactive oxygen species
medicinal
mushrooms
Taiwanofungus camphoratus
Antrodin C was obtained from Taiwanofungus camphoratus mycelia. The inhibition effect of antrodin C on A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells was evaluated by plate clone formation, wound healing, cell cycle, activated caspase-3, Bax, P53, Bcl-2, and RAPR activities as well as reactive oxygen species release. Plate clone formation assay revealed that antrodin C could significantly inhibit the viability of A549 cells in vitro. Wound healing assay revealed that cell migration was inhibited by exposure to antrodin C at concentrations of 50 and 80 μ;g/mL. Flow cytometry revealed
that antrodin C increased the percentages of cells in the G0/G1 phase at concentrations of 50 and 80 μ;g/mL and the apoptosis was related to upregulation of caspase-3, Bax, P53 expression, downregulation of Bcl-2, RAPR expression, and the release of reactive oxygen species in the A549 cells. CQ or RAPA could significantly promote or inhibit the inhibition effect on A549 proliferation induced by antrodin C, which suggests that the autophagy played a cytoprotective role on inhibition proliferation of A549 induced by antrodin C. These results indicated that the combination of pro-apoptosis agents and anti-autophagy agents may be a useful strategy in enhancing the anticancer efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer.
A Comparison of the Physical, Chemical, and Structural Properties of Wild and Commercial Strains of Button Mushroom, Agaricus bisporus (Agaricomycetes)
611-625
10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2019030681
Muhammad
Idrees
Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, People's Republic of China; Agriculture Extension and Adaptive Research Wing, Government of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
Sanabil
Yaqoob
College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, People's Republic of China; Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
Sossah Frederick
Leo
Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, P.R. China
Asif Ali
Khan
Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, P.R. China
Lei
Sun
Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, P.R. China
Yang
Yang
Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, P.R. China
Dan
Li
Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, P.R. China
Yongping
Fu
Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, People's Republic of China
Yu
Li
Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, People's Republic of China; Internationally Cooperative Research Center of China for New Germplasm Breeding of Edible Mushroom, Ministry of Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, People's Republic of China
Agaricus bisporus
morphological characteristics
texture profile analysis
Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy
rheological properties
edible and medicinal mushrooms
Agaricus bisporus is well known for its nutraceutical properties. To meet consumer market demand, there is an urgent need for new strains with disease resistance and a diverse nutrient profile for commercial cultivation. Wild germplasm resources provide a good source for the breeding of new strains for this purpose. In this study, we evaluated the physical, chemical, and structural properties of wild domesticated (CCMJ1351) and major commercially cultivated strains (CCMJ1013, CCMJ1028, and CCMJ1343) of A. bisporus from China. The results showed significant differences among the strains for all parameters measured. In terms of morphological characteristics, CCMJ1351 possessed the highest stipe thickness, fruiting body individual weight, cohesiveness, and springiness; CCMJ1013 demonstrated maximum pileus diameter and thickness; CCMJ1028 exhibited the highest textural hardness and color characteristics; and strain CCMJ1343 had the highest yield. CCMJ1351 ranked top among all the strains for proximate composition, rheological profile, and structural and mechanical properties, containing 21.93% crude protein and the highest dry matter, crude fat, and fiber contents. However, the bioactive chemical constituents present in the four strains were very similar, especially β-(1→3)-glucan, according to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, while some minimal peaks varied among the different strains. Therefore, in combination with previously identified high disease-resistance traits, the wild domesticated strain CCMJ1351 constitutes a good candidate for further exploitation in breeding programs and is suitable for fresh consumption as well as incorporation into various food products.
In Memory of RNDr Václav Šašek, CSc (1937–2019)
627-628
10.1615/IntJMedMushrooms.2019030863
Jiří
Gabriel
Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 14220, Czech Republic
Ivan
Jablonsky
The Czech University of Life Sciences,
Prague, Czech Republic
OBITUARY
Czech experimental mycology
On January 10, 2019 RNDr Václav Šašek has passed away