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Proceedings of the 24th National and 2nd International ISHMT-ASTFE Heat and Mass Transfer Conference (IHMTC-2017)

ISSN Online: 2688-7231

ISBN Online: 978-1-56700-478-6

STUDIES ON SMOKE FILLING IN A VENTILATED ENCLOSURE

pages 1159-1164
DOI: 10.1615/IHMTC-2017.1620
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RÉSUMÉ

This paper describes experiments on smoke filling carried out in the Compartment Fire Test Facility (CFTF) at Safety Research Institute, Kalpakkam. The geometrical features of this facility are identical to an ISO 9705 room, with an exhaust hood and duct for smoke removal. Experiments have been carried using a liquid hydrocarbon pool at the floor center as a fire source, by varying ventilation area. Data and salient observations from these experiments are presented in this paper.
A mathematical model to simulate the smoke filling process is also presented. A control volume approach is adopted, wherein only the upper layer is modeled. The mass and energy conservation equations are suitably non-dimensionalized to obtain a set of coupled ODEs. The model incorporates appropriate correlations for plume and vent flow rate. For example, the well-known Zukoski plume model is used for estimating plume mass flow rate as a function of fire load and smoke layer height. Vent flow rate is calculated using the simplified Bernoulli equation with a suitable flow coefficient. The model is validated using experimental data. Subsequent to the validation exercise, additional numerical studies were also performed to bring out the effect of key variables on smoke layer development.

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