RT Journal Article ID 6d4f50ed3f7669e7 A1 Soni, Vandana A1 Jain, Anekant A1 Khare, Piush A1 Gulbake, Arvind A1 Jain, Sanjay Kumar T1 Potential Approaches for Drug Delivery to the Brain: Past, Present, and Future JF Critical Reviews™ in Therapeutic Drug Carrier Systems JO CRT YR 2010 FD 2010-06-07 VO 27 IS 3 SP 187 OP 236 K1 blood–brain barrier K1 permeability K1 brain tumor K1 prodrugs AB The objective of this article is to provide the reader with an update on some research highlights from the past to the present, as well as future possibilities to achieve improved delivery of drugs across the blood–brain barrier (BBB). In the past, dye studies confirmed the presence of the BBB and blood–cerebrospinal fluid barriers, which seem to play a major role in transporting drug molecules for the treatment of life-threatening diseases such as brain cancer and Alzheimer's. Presently, transportation mechanisms such as simple diffusion, carrier-mediated, absorptive-mediated, and receptor-mediated transcytosis are extensively used for BBB uptake of drug molecules. The spectrum of future neuropharmaceuticals falling into these categories ranges from peptides to nucleotide-based drugs as well as gene and stem cell deli very agents, and is increasing at a rapid rate with promising results. There has also been considerable progress in the development of quantitative methods to examine BBB permeability in humans and animals. Currently, intravenous administration and in situ brain perfusion techniques are the most versatile and sensitive methods to measure transport into the brain. This article also reviews the various methodologies available for assessing the transfer of drug molecules undergoing significant uptake through the BBB in vivo. PB Begell House LK https://www.dl.begellhouse.com/journals/3667c4ae6e8fd136,7aba53bb4f11b332,6d4f50ed3f7669e7.html