Publication de 12 numéros par an
ISSN Imprimer: 1044-5110
ISSN En ligne: 1936-2684
Indexed in
A ROBUST STATISTICAL ALGORITHM FOR BOUNDARY DETECTION IN LIQUID SPRAYS
RÉSUMÉ
This work presents a statistical algorithm to detect phase boundaries in liquid sprays. Experimental data were obtained in a nonevaporating acetone spray at atmospheric conditions to minimize the refractive index gradients and associated beam steering. Mie scattering and diffuse background illumination (DBI) diagnostics are implemented to demonstrate the robustness of the approach. The analysis shows that the present algorithm yields similar results for the two different diagnostics, unlike existing threshold-based methodologies providing inconsistent results. The algorithm can be used to identify partial liquid boundaries between single-phase liquid and vapor boundaries. Thus, for each case, liquid boundaries were defined in terms of liquid probability of 100% or less than 100%. Sprays from two different injectors were analyzed to demonstrate the versatility of the methodology. A parametric study was conducted to demonstrate that motion blur can affect an accurate detection of the phase boundaries, and hence, the exposure time in the experiment must be sufficiently small.
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Chong, C.T. and Hochgreb, S., Effect of Atomizing Air Flow on Spray Atomization of an Internal-Mix Twin-Fluid Atomizer, Atomization Sprays, vol. 25, no. 8, pp. 657-673, 2015.
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Hamzah, A., Poursadegh, F., Lacey, J., Petersen, P., Brear, M., and Gordon, R., A Comparison of Diffuse Back-Illumination (DBI) and Mie Scattering Technique for Measuring the Liquid Length of Severely Flashing Spray, Proc. of the 20th Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conf., pp. 669-672, 2016.
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Jung, Y., Manin, J., Skeen, S., and Pickett, L.M., Measurement of Liquid and Vapor Penetration of Diesel Sprays with a Variation in Spreading Angle, SAE Technical Paper 2015-01-0946, 2015.
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Kastengren, A.L., Powell, C.F., Wang, Y., Im, K.S., and Wang, J., X-Ray Radiography Measurements of Diesel Spray Structure at Engine-Like Ambient Density, Atomization Sprays, vol. 19, no. 11, pp. 1031-1044, 2009.
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Manin, J., Bardi, M., and Pickett, L.M., SP2-4 Evaluation of the Liquid Length via Diffused Back-Illumination Imaging in Vaporizing Diesel Sprays (SP: Spray and Spray Combustion, General Session Papers), in Proc. of the Int. Symp. on Diagnostics and Modeling of Combustion in Internal Combustion Engines 2012.8, The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, pp. 665-673, 2012.
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Matusik, K., Sforzo, B., Seong, H.J., Duke, D., Kastengren, A.L., Ilavsky, J., and Powell, C.F., X-Ray Measurements of Fuel Spray Specific Surface Area and Sauter Mean Diameter for Cavitating and Non-Cavitating Diesel Sprays, Atomization Sprays, vol. 29, no. 3, pp. 199-216, 2019.
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Meijer, M., Galle, J., Somers, L., Griensven, J., and Verhelst, S., High-Speed Characterization of ECN Spray a Using Various Diagnostic Techniques, SAE Int. J. Eng., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 1238-1248, 2013.
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Nilaphai, O., Hespel, C., Moreau, B., Contino, F., Bourgeois, N., Chanchaona, S., Foucher, F., and Mounaim-Rousselle, C., New High Pressure and High Temperature Chamber for Diesel Spray Characterization, Proc. of 27th Annual Conf. on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems ILASS-Europe, Brighton, UK, 2016.
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Pickett, L., Genzale, C., and Manin, J., Uncertainty Quantification for Liquid Penetration of Evaporating Sprays at Diesel-Like Conditions, Atomization Sprays, vol. 25, no. 5, pp. 425-452, 2015.
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Ramirez, A., Som, S., Aggarwal, S.K., Kastengren, A., El-Hannouny, E., Longman, D., and Powell, C., Quantitative X-Ray Measurements of High-Pressure Fuel Sprays from a Production Heavy Duty Diesel Injector, Exper. Fluids, vol. 47, no. 1, pp. 119-134, 2009.
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Soteriou, C., Andrews, R., Smith, M., Torres, N., and Sankhalpara, S., The Flow Patterns and Sprays of Variable Orifice Nozzle Geometries for Diesel Injection, SAE Transact., vol. 109, pp. 1007-1029, 2000.
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Wanstall, C.T., Agrawal, A.K., and Bittle, J.A., Quantifying Liquid Boundary and Vapor Distributions in a Fuel Spray by Rainbow Schlieren Deflectometry, Appl. Opt., vol. 56, no. 30, pp. 8385-8393, 2017.
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Wanstall, C.T., Agrawal, A.K., and Bittle, J.A., Phase Boundary Detection in Transient, Evaporating High-Pressure Fuel Sprays by Rainbow Schlieren Deflectometry, Appl. Opt., vol. 58, no. 25, pp. 6791-6801, 2019.
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Westlye, F., Penney, K., Ivarsson, A., Pickett, L.,Manin, J., and Skeen, S., Diffuse Back-Illumination Setup for High Temporally Resolved Extinction Imaging, Appl. Opt., vol. 56, no. 17, pp. 5028-5038, 2017.
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Westlye, F.R., Battistoni,M., Skeen, S.A.,Manin, J., Pickett, L.M., and Ivarsson, A., Penetration and Combustion Characterization of Cavitating and Non-Cavitating Fuel Injectors under Diesel Engine Conditions, SAE Technical Paper, 2016-01-0860, 2016.
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Yue, Y., Powell, C.F., Poola, R., Wang, J.C., and Schaller, J.K., Quantitative Measurements of Diesel Fuel Spray Characteristics in the Near-Nozzle Region Using X-Ray Absorption, Atomization Sprays, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 471-490, 2001.
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Zhang, Y.Y., Yoshizaki, T., and Nishida, K., Imaging of Droplets and Vapor Distributions in a Diesel Fuel Spray byMeans of a Laser Absorption-Scattering Technique, Appl.Opt., vol. 39, no. 33, pp. 6221-6229, 2000.