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International Journal of Energetic Materials and Chemical Propulsion

Publication de 6  numéros par an

ISSN Imprimer: 2150-766X

ISSN En ligne: 2150-7678

The Impact Factor measures the average number of citations received in a particular year by papers published in the journal during the two preceding years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) IF: 0.7 To calculate the five year Impact Factor, citations are counted in 2017 to the previous five years and divided by the source items published in the previous five years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) 5-Year IF: 0.7 The Immediacy Index is the average number of times an article is cited in the year it is published. The journal Immediacy Index indicates how quickly articles in a journal are cited. Immediacy Index: 0.1 The Eigenfactor score, developed by Jevin West and Carl Bergstrom at the University of Washington, is a rating of the total importance of a scientific journal. Journals are rated according to the number of incoming citations, with citations from highly ranked journals weighted to make a larger contribution to the eigenfactor than those from poorly ranked journals. Eigenfactor: 0.00016 The Journal Citation Indicator (JCI) is a single measurement of the field-normalized citation impact of journals in the Web of Science Core Collection across disciplines. The key words here are that the metric is normalized and cross-disciplinary. JCI: 0.18 SJR: 0.313 SNIP: 0.6 CiteScore™:: 1.6 H-Index: 16

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New Insights into the Combustion of AP/HTPB Rocket Propellents: The Catalyst Active Sites and a Combustion Flame Model for The Ferrocene-Catalysed Combustion

Volume 4, Numéro 1-6, 1997, pp. 679-692
DOI: 10.1615/IntJEnergeticMaterialsChemProp.v4.i1-6.640
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RÉSUMÉ

The combustion of solid rocket propellants consisting of hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) as binder and ammonium perchlorate (AP) as oxidiser and incorporating the ferrocenic burn rate catalysts Catocene and Butacene was examined with a view to: (i) obtaining a better understanding of the propellant combustion behaviour and the prevailing mechanistic sites of burn rate catalysis, and (ii) determining the burn rate temperature sensitivity.
Examination revealed that the enhancing effect of 1% Catocene was equivalent to 0.5% Butacene. The combined experimental evidence (from burn rate measurements and scanning electron microscopy) provides insights into the possible sites of the catalytic action by the ferrocenic catalyst. The data were interpreted as indicating the catalyst acting predominantly in the binder, possibly to promote AP/binder reactions at the AP/binder interface, or to enhance the binder pyrolysis. There could be, possibly to a much less extent, active sites formed by iron particles ejected into the primary diffusion flame. There was no evidence suggesting the catalyst acting in the oxidiser to promote surface AP decomposition. The arguments support the logic that the combustion is controlled by the primary diffusion flame. A combustion flame model is proposed which shows the domed AP surface particle, undercutting along the AP particle boundary, and the primary diffusion flame bending across the AP/binder interface.
The burn rate temperature sensitivity value (σp) at 10 MPa for the propellants containing 0.5% Catocene and 0.5% Butacene was 0.17 and 0.15%/°C, respectively. This represents a reduction of 40% and 35%, from the baseline non-catalyst value. The lowering of bum rate temperature sensitivity re-affirms the contention that a primary diffusion flame mechanism is operative for the ferrocene-catalysed combustion.

CITÉ PAR
  1. Sinditskii V. P., Chernyi A. N., Marchenkov D. A., Mechanisms of combustion catalysis by ferrocene derivatives. 1. Combustion of ammonium perchlorate and ferrocene, Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves, 50, 1, 2014. Crossref

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