RT Journal Article ID 1058dd7e50ca2213 A1 Manickan, Elanchezhiyan A1 Karem, Kevin L. A1 Rouse, Barry T. T1 DNA Vaccines − A Modern Gimmick or a Boon to Vaccinology? JF Critical Reviews™ in Immunology JO CRI YR 1997 FD 1997-06-30 VO 17 IS 2 SP 139 OP 154 K1 plasmids K1 infectious disease K1 gene therapy K1 mucosal delivery K1 cytokines K1 virus K1 CTLs and CD4+ T cells. AB The reports in 1993 that naked DNA encoding viral genes conferred protective immunity came as a surprise to most vaccinologists. This review analyses the expanding number of examples where plasmid DNA induces immune responses. Issues such as the type of immunity induced, mechanisms of immune protection, and how DNA vaccines compare with other approaches are emphasized. Additional issues discussed include the likely means by which DNA vaccines induce CTL, how the potency and type of immunity induced can be modified, and whether DNA vaccines represent a practical means of manipulating unwanted immune response occurring during immunoinflammatory diseases. It seems doubtful if DNA vaccines will replace currently effective vaccines, but they may prove useful for prophylactic use against some agents that at present lack an effective vaccine. DNA vaccines promise to be valuable to manipulate the immune response in situations where responses to agents are inappropriate or ineffective. PB Begell House LK https://www.dl.begellhouse.com/journals/2ff21abf44b19838,14d7408449cd5631,1058dd7e50ca2213.html