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Journal of Environmental Pathology, Toxicology and Oncology

Publicado 4 números por año

ISSN Imprimir: 0731-8898

ISSN En Línea: 2162-6537

The Impact Factor measures the average number of citations received in a particular year by papers published in the journal during the two preceding years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) IF: 2.4 To calculate the five year Impact Factor, citations are counted in 2017 to the previous five years and divided by the source items published in the previous five years. 2017 Journal Citation Reports (Clarivate Analytics, 2018) 5-Year IF: 2.8 The Immediacy Index is the average number of times an article is cited in the year it is published. The journal Immediacy Index indicates how quickly articles in a journal are cited. Immediacy Index: 0.5 The Eigenfactor score, developed by Jevin West and Carl Bergstrom at the University of Washington, is a rating of the total importance of a scientific journal. Journals are rated according to the number of incoming citations, with citations from highly ranked journals weighted to make a larger contribution to the eigenfactor than those from poorly ranked journals. Eigenfactor: 0.00049 The Journal Citation Indicator (JCI) is a single measurement of the field-normalized citation impact of journals in the Web of Science Core Collection across disciplines. The key words here are that the metric is normalized and cross-disciplinary. JCI: 0.59 SJR: 0.429 SNIP: 0.507 CiteScore™:: 3.9 H-Index: 49

Indexed in

Combined Effect of Radiation and Other Agents: Is There a Synergism Trap?

Volumen 20, Edición 1, 2001, 6 pages
DOI: 10.1615/JEnvironPatholToxicolOncol.v20.i1.90
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SINOPSIS

Most assessments of possible deleterious outcomes from environmental and occupational exposures concentrate on single agents and neglect the potential for combined effects—that is, synergisms or antagonisms. Biomechanistic considerations based on multistep processes, such as carcinogenesis, indicate the potential for highly detrimental interactions if two or more consecutive rate-limiting steps are specifically effected by different agents. However, low specificity toward molecular structure or DNA sequence—and, therefore, exchangeability—of many genotoxic agents indicate little functional specificity and, hence, little vulnerability toward synergism in most occupational and environmental exposure situations. It is also evident that a low potential exists for the combined effects of common low-exposure situations wherein nongenotoxic agents with highly nonlinear dose-effect relationships and apparent thresholds are involved. A quantitative assessment of the contribution of synergistic interactions to the total detriment from natural and man-made toxicants based on experimental data is far away.
There are important examples of combined exposures shown to lead to health effect risks that differ from those expected from simple addition —for example, the influence of smoking on radon- or asbestosinduced lung cancer and on ethanol-induced esophageal cancer. The existing data on combined effects is rudimentary, mainly descriptive, and rarely covers exposure ranges large enough to make direct inferences to present-day low-dose exposure situations. In view of the multitude of possible interactions among the large number of potentially harmful agents in the human environment, descriptive approaches will have to be supplemented by the use of mechanistic models for critical health endpoints, such as cancer. Finally, considering the shape of dose-effect relationships for ionizing radiation, an important question arises from the unresolved question of whether real or apparent thresholds may be used for any genotoxic agent, separately or one time, for an exposed genome.

CITADO POR
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