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ISSN Druckformat: 1044-5110
ISSN Online: 1936-2684
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TOWARD USING DIRECT NUMERICAL SIMULATION TO IMPROVE PRIMARY BREAK-UP MODELING
ABSTRAKT
This paper focuses on the use of direct numerical simulation (DNS) in the context of spray atomization modeling. Key features of such liquid/gas simulations, which are necessary for confidence in model accuracy, are recalled and discussed together with their inherent limitations. Particular attention is given to the lack of theories relating to the determination of the smallest length scale in turbulent liquid-gas flows. To demonstrate how direct numerical simulation can serve modeling purposes, this paper discusses three major areas of possible applications of DNS. First, DNS databases were created to validate modeling approaches inflow areas where no experimental measurements are available. In this paper, this approach is applied to diesel injection conditions to validate the Eulerian−Lagrangian spray atomization (ELSA) model. Second, because models are necessary to mitigate computational costs, which constitute the main drawback of DNS, this paper proposes the development of a large eddy simulation formulation of the liquid atomization, thereby enabling results that are no longer mesh resolution dependent. Finally, once the large scale is correctly captured, it is necessary to ensure an accurate representation of the liquid structure falling below the subgrid scale. To this end, a source term for the surface density equation is established based on direct numerical simulations of liquid-gas flows embedded in an isotropic turbulence and covering both dense and moderately dense ranges.
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Desantes J.M., García-Oliver J.M., Pastor J.M., Pandal A., Baldwin E., Schmidt D.P., Coupled/decoupled spray simulation comparison of the ECN spray a condition with the -Y Eulerian atomization model, International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 80, 2016. Crossref
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Moulai Maryam, Grover Ronald, Parrish Scott, Schmidt David, Internal and Near-Nozzle Flow in a Multi-Hole Gasoline Injector Under Flashing and Non-Flashing Conditions, SAE Technical Paper Series, 1, 2015. Crossref
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Mahulkar Amit V., Marin Guy B., Heynderickx Geraldine J., Droplet–wall interaction upon impingement of heavy hydrocarbon droplets on a heated wall, Chemical Engineering Science, 130, 2015. Crossref
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Andreini Antonio, Bianchini Cosimo, Puggelli Stefano, Demoulin F.X., Development of a turbulent liquid flux model for Eulerian–Eulerian multiphase flow simulations, International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 81, 2016. Crossref
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Pandal A., Pastor J.M., García-Oliver J.M., Baldwin E., Schmidt D.P., A consistent, scalable model for Eulerian spray modeling, International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 83, 2016. Crossref
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Chai Min, Luo Kun, Shao Changxiao, Fan Jianren, An efficient level set remedy approach for simulations of two-phase flow based on sigmoid function, Chemical Engineering Science, 172, 2017. Crossref
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Canu Romain, Puggelli Stefano, Essadki Mohamed, Duret Benjamin, Menard Thibaut, Massot Marc, Reveillon Julien, Demoulin F.X., Where does the droplet size distribution come from?, International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 107, 2018. Crossref
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Murrone A., Le Touze C., Eulerian coupling of two-phase flow models for the large eddy simulation of the atomization in cryogenic combustion chamber, Progress in Propulsion Physics – Volume 11, 2019. Crossref
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Luo Kun, Shao Changxiao, Chai Min, Fan Jianren, Level set method for atomization and evaporation simulations, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 73, 2019. Crossref
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Karimi Mohsen, Andersson Ronnie, Stochastic simulation of droplet breakup in turbulence, Chemical Engineering Journal, 380, 2020. Crossref
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Pandal Adrian, Pastor Jose M., Payri Raul, Kastengren Alan, Duke Daniel, Matusik Katarzyna, Giraldo Jhoan S., Powell Christopher, Schmidt David, Computational and Experimental Investigation of Interfacial Area in Near-Field Diesel Spray Simulation, SAE International Journal of Fuels and Lubricants, 10, 2, 2017. Crossref
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Pandal Adrian, Garcia-Oliver Jose M, Pastor Jose M, Eulerian CFD modeling of nozzle geometry effects on ECN Sprays A and D: assessment and analysis, International Journal of Engine Research, 21, 1, 2020. Crossref
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Le Touze C., Dorey L.-H., Rutard N., Murrone A., A compressible two-phase flow framework for Large Eddy Simulations of liquid-propellant rocket engines, Applied Mathematical Modelling, 84, 2020. Crossref
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Cordesse Pierre, Remigi Alberto, Duret Benjamin, Murrone Angelo, Ménard Thibaut, Demoulin François-Xavier, Massot Marc, Validation Strategy of Reduced-Order Two-Fluid Flow Models Based on a Hierarchy of Direct Numerical Simulations, Flow, Turbulence and Combustion, 105, 4, 2020. Crossref
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Desantes J.M., García-Oliver J.M., Pastor J.M., Olmeda I., Pandal A., Naud B., LES Eulerian diffuse-interface modeling of fuel dense sprays near- and far-field, International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 127, 2020. Crossref
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Pandal A., Payri R., García-Oliver J.M., Pastor J.M., Optimization of spray break-up CFD simulations by combining Σ-Y Eulerian atomization model with a response surface methodology under diesel engine-like conditions (ECN Spray A), Computers & Fluids, 156, 2017. Crossref
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Pandal A., García-Oliver J.M., Novella R., Pastor J.M., A computational analysis of local flow for reacting Diesel sprays by means of an Eulerian CFD model, International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 99, 2018. Crossref